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Targeting the pathways of regulated necrosis: a potential strategy for alleviation of cardio-cerebrovascular injury

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Abstract

Apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy-dependent cell death are the three major types of cell death. Traditionally, necrosis is thought as a passive and unregulated form of cell death. However, certain necrosis can also occur in a highly regulated manner, referring to regulated necrosis. Depending on the signaling pathways, regulated necrosis can be further classified as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos and CypD-mediated necrosis. Numerous studies have reported that regulated necrosis contributes to the progression of multiple injury-relevant diseases. For example, necroptosis contributes to the development of myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, heart failure and stroke; pyroptosis is involved in the progression of myocardial or cerebral infarction, atherosclerosis and diabetic cardiomyopathy; while ferroptosis, parthanatos and CypD-mediated necrosis participate in the pathological process of myocardial and/or cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thereby, targeting the pathways of regulated necrosis pharmacologically or genetically could be an efficient strategy for reducing cardio-cerebrovascular injury. Further study needs to focus on the crosstalk and interplay among different types of regulated necrosis. Pharmacological intervention of two or more types of regulated necrosis simultaneously may have advantages in clinic to treat injury-relevant diseases.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81872873 to Jun Peng, No. 81573430 to Xiu-Ju Luo). We sincerely thank Dr. Qingjie Li (Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, USA) for his kind assistance in fixing the language problems in our manuscript.

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  1. Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China

    Li-Qun Lu, Jing Tian & Jun Peng

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China

    Xiu-Ju Luo

  3. Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China

    Jun Peng

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Lu, LQ., Tian, J., Luo, XJ. et al. Targeting the pathways of regulated necrosis: a potential strategy for alleviation of cardio-cerebrovascular injury. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 78, 63–78 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03587-8

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