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Testosteron im Management des metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms

Testosterone in the management of metastatic prostate cancer

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Zusammenfassung

Das Prostatakarzinom (PCa) ist der häufigste maligne Tumor und die dritthäufigste Krebstodesursache bei Männern in Deutschland. Die Funktion der Prostata wird durch Testosteron bzw. dessen Metabolit Dihydrotestosteron maßgeblich beeinflusst. Über die Bedeutung von Testosteron beim metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom (mCRPC) besteht jedoch vielfach Unklarheit. Lange Zeit wurde die Korrelation des Testosteronspiegels mit der Entstehung oder der Progredienz des PCa über die Androgenhypothese erklärt. Neuere Daten haben die Androgenhypothese jedoch infrage gestellt. Ein hoher Testosteronspiegel begünstigt die Entstehung oder Progredienz eines Prostatakarzinoms nicht und ein niedriger Testosteronspiegel wirkt nicht protektiv. Die Relevanz des Testosteronspiegels beim mCRPC zeigen u. a. die Ergebnisse aus den klinischen Zulassungsstudien mit neuen Substanzen wie Abirateronacetat und Enzalutamid. Die Hinweise auf einen prognostischen Charakter des Testosteronspiegels mehren sich.

Abstract

Background

Among all cancer types, prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer and is the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in men. The biologic function of the prostate is decisively influenced by testosterone and its metabolic product dihydrotestosterone. However, there is general uncertainty about the role of testosterone in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). For many years, the androgen hypothesis had been accepted to explain the correlation between testosterone levels and the development or progression of PCa. However, extensive study analyses revealed contradictory results, leading to a reconsideration of the androgen hypothesis. High serum testosterone levels do not predispose to PCa development and low serum testosterone levels are not protective. The importance of testosterone levels in patients with mCRPC has been shown in several registration studies with new drugs, such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide. There is growing evidence suggesting a prognostic role of testosterone levels in mCRPC.

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Danksagung

Die Autoren danken Dr. M. Esser und Dr. J. Schreier (co.faktor GmbH, Berlin) für die Unterstützung bei der Manuskripterstellung.

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Interessenkonflikt

J. M. Wolff: Referenten- und Beratertätigkeit für die Firmen Amgen, Apogepha, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Ferring, Hexal, Ipsen, Janssen, Sanofi und Takeda. P.-P. Schmid: Beratertätigkeit für Astellas, Janssen, Sanofi und Takeda.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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  1. Urologische Klinik, Paracelsus-Klinik Golzheim, Friederich Lau Str. 11, 40747, Düsseldorf, Deutschland

    J.M. Wolff

  2. Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Schweiz

    H.P. Schmid

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Wolff, J., Schmid, H. Testosteron im Management des metastasierten Prostatakarzinoms. Urologe 54, 1578–1583 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-015-3813-4

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