Abstract
Biomarkers are applied as early warning indicators of organisms’ exposure to pollutants. The aim of this study was to utilise a multi-biomarker approach in the freshwater shrimp Caridina nilotica (Decapoda: Atyidae) as indicators of persistent pollutant exposure. A suite of biomarkers was selected to cover oxidative stress and damage, and energetics of the organisms. Five sites, representing an agricultural and pesticide application gradient, were sampled during two flow related hydro-periods in rivers of the Phongolo floodplain, north-eastern South Africa. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity was significantly higher in shrimp at sites directly adjacent to regions of increased human activity. Increased oxidative responses, i.e. catalase (CAT; p < 0.01) and protein carbonyl (PC, p < 0.01) were also found at these sites. The energetics biomarker did not show any influence of increased contaminant exposure. We demonstrated that the biomarkers of exposure (CYP) and effect (CAT, PC) were suitable to detect effects of stressors, probably persistent pollutants.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the collaborators and team members from the Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR-UOS Project Number ZIEN21013PR396) and Water Research Commission of South Africa (WRC Project Number K5-2185, NJ Smit PI) that made this project possible. This work is also based on research supported in part by the National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa (NRF project CPRR160429163437, Grant 105979, NJ Smit, PI and NRF scarce skills scholarship Grant 89629 to G Jansen van Rensburg). Opinions expressed, and conclusions arrived at, are those of the authors and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. We thank Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife for research permits OP 526/2014, and OP 839/2014. This is contribution number 334 of the North-West University (NWU) Water Research Group.
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All applicable international, national and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution or practice at which the studies were conducted.
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Jansen van Rensburg, G., Bervoets, L., Smit, N.J. et al. Biomarker Responses in the Freshwater Shrimp Caridina nilotica as Indicators of Persistent Pollutant Exposure. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 104, 193–199 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-019-02773-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-019-02773-0