Abstract
Intensive agricultural and livestock activities demand high pesticide use and, consequently, contaminants reach aquatic ecosystems. In the lower Jacuí River, southern Brazil, there is a lack of knowledge about pesticide residues in water samples and the biochemical responses in native fish species. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the influence of pesticide residues and water parameters to biomarker responses in the native fish Astyanax spp. We performed seasonal biomonitoring in 2017 with water samples and fish collections. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, antioxidants, biotransformation, and neurotoxicity were analyzed in fish tissues. Fourteen pesticide residues were detected; they presented correlations with detoxification enzyme and oxidative stress biomarkers. These data indicate that most of variations can be related to the pesticide presence in water indicating high aquatic pollution in this place.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali SF, LeBel CP, Bondy SC (1992) Reactive oxygen species formation as a biomarker of methylmercury and trimethyltin neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology 13:637–648
Amado LL, Garcia ML, Ramos PB et al (2009) A method to measure total antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals in aquatic organisms: application to evaluate microcystins toxicity. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenvi.2008.11.038
Baldisserotto B (2013) Fisiologia de peixes aplicada à piscicultura, 3rd edn. Ed. da UFSM, Santa Maria, pp 231–233
Bashnin TB, Verhaert V, de Jonge M et al (2019) Relationship between pesticide accumulation in transplanted zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and community structure of aquatic macroinvertebrates. Environ Pollut. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.140
Bianchi E, Dalzochio T, Simões LAR et al (2018) Water quality monitoring of the Sinos River Basin, Southern Brazil, using physicochemical and microbiological analysis and biomarkers in laboratory-exposed fish. Ecohydrol Hydrobiol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecohyd.2019.05.002
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254
Brauner EV, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Gaudreau E et al (2012) Predictors of adipose tissue concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in a general Danish population. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2011.39
CONAMA – Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (2005) Resolução Nº 357 de 17 de março de 2005, Dispõe sobre a classificação dos corpos de água e diretrizes ambientais para o seu enquadramento, bem como estabelece as condições e padrões de lançamento de efluentes, e dá outras providências. Diário Oficial da União 53:58–63
Costa-Silva DG, Nunes MEM, Wallau GL et al (2015) Oxidative stress markers in fish (Astyanax sp. and Danio rerio) exposed to urban and agricultural effluents in the Brazilian Pampa biome. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4737-7
de Lemos CT, de Iranço FA, De Oliveira NC et al (2008) Biomonitoring of genotoxicity using micronuclei assay in native population of Astyanax jacuhiensis (Characiformes: Characidae) at sites under petrochemical influence. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.006
Deknock A, de Troyer N, Houbraken M et al (2019) Distribution of agricultural pesticides in the freshwater environment of the Guayas river basin (Ecuador). Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.185
Donato FF, Martins ML, Munaretto JS et al (2015) Development of a multiresidue method for pesticide analysis in drinking water by solid phase extraction and determination by gas and liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. J Braz Chem Soc. https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20150192
dos Santos DR, Yamamoto FY, Neto FF et al (2016) The applied indicators of water quality may underestimate the risk of chemical exposure to human population in reservoirs utilized for human supply – Southern Brazil. Environ Sci Pollut Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5995-0
Draper HH, Hadley M (1990) Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods Enzymol 186:421–431
Ellman GL, Courtney KD, Andres V Jr (1961) A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochem Pharmacol 7:88–95
Espel D, Diepens NJ, Boutron O et al (2019) Dynamics of the seagrass Zostera noltei in a shallow Mediterranean lagoon exposed to chemical contamination and other stressors. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2019.03.019
Etchegoyen MA, Ronco AE, Almada P et al (2017) Occurrence and fate of pesticides in the Argentine stretch of the Paraguay-Paraná basin. Environ Monit Assess. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-5773-1
Francisco CM, Bertolino SM, Oliveira RJ Jr et al (2019) Genotoxicity assessment of polluted urban streams using a native fish Astyanax altiparanae. J Toxicol Environ Heal A. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2019.1624235
Furley TH, Brodeur J, de Assis HCS et al (2017) Toward sustainable environmental quality: identifying priority research questions for Latin America. Integr Environ Assess Manag. https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.2023
Gonçalves CR, Marins AT, do Amaral AMB et al (2018) Biochemical responses in freshwater fish exposed to insecticide propoxur. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-018-2285-9
Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jacoby WB (1974) Glutathione S-transferase, the first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 249:7130–7139
IBAMA – Instituo Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (2019) Relatórios de comercialização de agrotóxicos. https://www.ibama.gov.br/agrotoxicos/relatorios-de-comercializacao-de-agrotoxicos#boletinsanuais. Accessed 11 Oct 2019
IBGE – Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2019) Dados estatísticas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. https://www.ibge.gov.br/cidades-e-estados/rs/. Accessed 11 Oct 2019
ICMBio/MMA – Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade, Ministério do Meio Ambiente (2018) Livro Vermelho da Fauna Brasileira Ameaçada de Extinção. https://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/component/content/article/10187. Accessed 12 Nov 2019
Loro V, Murussi C, Menezes C et al (2015) Spatial and temporal biomarkers responses of Astyanax jacuhiensis (Cope, 1894) (Characiformes: Characidae) from the middle rio Uruguai, Brazil. Neotrop Ichthyol. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20140146
Lushchak VI (2011) Environmentally induced oxidative stress in aquatic animals. Aquat Toxicol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.10.006
Martins GL, Friggi CA, Prestes OD et al (2014) Simultaneous LC-MS/MS determination of imidazolinone herbicides together with other multiclass pesticide residues in soil. Clean (Weinh). https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201300140
Miller TH, Ng KT, Bury ST et al (2019) Biomonitoring of pesticides, pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in a freshwater invertebrate to estimate toxic or effect pressure. Environ Int 129:595–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.038
Modesto KA, Martinez CBR (2010) Roundup® causes oxidative stress in liver and inhibited the acethylcholinesterase in muscle and brain of the fish Prochilodus lineatus. Chemosphere 78:294–299
Nunes MEM, Müller TE, Murussi C et al (2018) Oxidative effects of the acute exposure to a pesticide mixture of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos on carp and zebrafish – a comparative study. Comp Biochem Phys C. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.03.002
Oliveira FA, Reis LPG, Soto-Blanco B et al (2015) Pesticides residues in the Prochilodus costatus (Valenciennes, 1850) fish caught in the São Francisco River, Brazil. J Environ Sci Health B. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601234.2015.1011946
Prado PS, Pinheiro APB, Bazzoli N et al (2014) Reproductive biomarkers responses induced by xenoestrogens in the characid fish Astyanax fasciatus inhabiting a South American reservoir: an integrated field and laboratory approach. Environ Res. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2014.03.002
Prado PS, Souza CC, Bazzoli N et al (2011) Reproductive disruption in lambari Astyanax fasciatus from a Southeastern Brazilian reservoir. Ecotoxicol Environ Safe. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.07.017
Rooney RC, Davy C, Gilbert J et al (2019) Periphyton bioconcentrates pesticides downstream of catchment dominated by agricultural land use. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134472
Sakuragui MM, Paulino MG, Pereira CS et al (2013) Integrated use of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative damage in two fish species to assess pollution in man-made hydroelectric reservoirs. Environ Pollut. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.032
SEMA, DRH – Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Recursos Hídricos (2012) Relatório Anual sobre a Situação dos Recursos Hídricos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul – Ano 2009/2010. SEMA/DRH, Porto Alegre
SEMA, DRH – Secretaria Estadual do Meio Ambiente, Departamento de Recursos Hídricos (2015) Relatório final: Planejamento da Bacia Hidrográfica do Baixo Jacuí, Fases “A”, “B” e “C”. SEMA/DRH, Porto Alegre
SNIS – Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (2020) Painel de Indicadores. https://appsnis.mdr.gov.br/acompanhamento/web/agua_esgoto/mapa-esgoto
Velikova V, Yordanov I, Edreva A (2000) Oxidative stress and some antioxidant systems in acid rain-treated bean plants: protective role of exogenous polyamines. Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(99)00197-1
Verdouw H, Van Echteld CJA, Dekkers EMJ (1978) Ammonia determinations based on indophenol formation with sodium salicylate. Water Res 12:399–402
Vieira CED, MdaS A, Galindo BA et al (2014) Integrated biomarker response index using a Neotropical fish to assess the water quality in agricultural areas. Neotrop Ichthyol. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252014000100017
Vieira CED, Costa PG, Caldas SS et al (2019) An integrated approach in subtropical agro-ecosystems: active biomonitoring, environmental contaminants, bioaccumulation, and multiple biomarkers in fish. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.209
Wood R, Mitrovic SM, Lim RP et al (2016) How benthic diatoms within natural communities respond to eight common herbicides with different modes of action. Sci Total Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.142
Yamamoto FY, Garcia JRE, Kupsco A et al (2017) Vitellogenin levels and others biomarkers show evidences of endocrine disruption in fish species from Iguaçu River – Southern Brazil. Chemosphere. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.111
Zhang W, Chen L, Xu Y et al (2019) Amphibian (Rana nigromaculata) exposed to cyproconazole: changes in growth index, behavioral endpoints, antioxidant biomarkers, thyroid and gonad development. Aquat Toxicol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.12.015
Acknowledgement
This work was partially supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brazil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. Vania Lucia Loro received a research fellowship from CNPq (National Research Council), Process Number: 309314/2017-8. Aline Teixeira Marins received a doctoral fellowship from CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). The authors would like to thank Pedro Henrique Pinto Leão, Rudy Beskow, and Renata Teixeira Marins for technical support. Special thanks to the citizens of the Cachoeira do Sul city.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Marins, A.T., Severo, E.S., Leitemperger, J.W. et al. Assessment of River Water Quality in an Agricultural Region of Brazil Using Biomarkers in a Native Neotropical Fish, Astyanax spp. (Characidae). Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 104, 575–581 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02821-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02821-0