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Global invasive Cochliobolus species: cohort of destroyers with implications in food losses and insecurity in the twenty-first century

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Abstract

Matching the global food demand by 2050 and to ensure the stability of food security in over than 99 countries, it is necessary to scale up the production of food such as sorghum, wheat, rice, maize and sugarcane which are however natural hosts of Cochliobolus species. Cochliobolus species major epidemics such as the Great Bengal famine, Southern corn leaf blight, and Northern leaf spot blight were associated with substantial economic losses in the past decades. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a specific coordinated global surveillance program for the migration of invasive Cochliobolus species, planning contextual control programs engaging all agricultural stakeholders and information sharing in real time for prevention of disastrous Cochliobolus disease outbreak effects. We discuss pertinent outcome of interactions of cash crops with Cochliobolus species having devastating impact on the livelihood of farmers and food security. While post-genomic era elucidated prominent differences among Cochliobolus heterostrophus, C. carbonum, C. victoriae, C. lunatus and C. miyabeanus, their destructive potentials and implications in food losses remained unearthed. Intriguingly, the annual colossal losses caused by Cochliobolus species in the production perspective of sorghum, wheat, rice, maize, cassava and soybean is estimated over 10 billion USD worldwide. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the invasive Cochliobolus species distribution and diversity, evolving pathogenicity, persistent diseases, threats and epidemics, consequences on food crops production and increasing global food insecurity issues.

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Acknowledgements

This research was jointly supported by the World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), Trieste, Italy, and the Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (DBT/TWAS PG fellowship no. 3240223450) and Vaal University Technology Post-Doctoral fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Omics Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, 1911, Gauteng, South Africa

    Louis Bengyella, Arghavan Alisoltani & Naser Aliye Feto

  2. School of Basic and Biomedical Sciences (SBBS), The University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana

    Louis Bengyella

  3. Division of Medical Virology, The Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Cape Town, 8000, Western Cape, P.O. Box 241, South Africa

    Elsie Laban Yekwa

  4. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan

    Kiran Nawaz & Sehrish Iftikhar

  5. Department of Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Université des Montagnes, Bangangté, Cameroon

    Ernest Tambo

  6. Department of Biotechnology, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia, West Bengal, 721657, India

    Pranab Roy

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  1. Louis Bengyella
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Bengyella, L., Yekwa, E.L., Nawaz, K. et al. Global invasive Cochliobolus species: cohort of destroyers with implications in food losses and insecurity in the twenty-first century. Arch Microbiol 200, 119–135 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-017-1426-6

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