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Serum Sclerostin and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Levels in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-Analysis

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Abstract

Various studies have investigated the serum sclerostin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) levels in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but the results were inconsistent. The aim of this meta-analysis was to synthetically assess the associations of serum levels of sclerostin and BMP-2 with AS. Multiple electronic databases were searched to locate relevant articles published before November 2018. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by the random-effect model. Totally, 21 studies were included. Meta-analysis results showed no significant difference between AS group and control group in serum sclerostin levels (SMD = 0.098, 95% CI − 0.395 to 0.591, p = 0.697). Nevertheless, serum BMP-2 levels in AS patients were higher than that in controls (SMD = 1.184, 95% CI 0.209 to 2.159, p = 0.017). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that European and South American AS patients had lower serum levels of sclerostin than controls. AS patients with age ≥ 40 years, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ≤ 20 mm/h and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) < 4 had statistically significant lower serum sclerostin concentrations compared to controls. Chinese and Korean AS patients as well as patients with lower CRP had higher serum BMP-2 levels than controls, and country may be a source of heterogeneity across the studies. No publication bias existed and sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of results. Serum BMP-2, but not sclerostin levels may be closely related to the development of AS.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30972530, 81273169, 81573218 and 81773514).

Funding

This study was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30972530, 81273169, 81573218 and 81773514).

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Author notes

  1. Jiajia Yang and Shanshan Xu have contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first author.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    Jiajia Yang, Shanshan Xu, Mengya Chen, Yaping Yuan, Xu Zhang, Yubo Ma, Meng Wu, Renfang Han, Xingxing Hu, Rui Liu, Jixiang Deng, Shiyang Guan, Xing Gao & Faming Pan

  2. The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    Jiajia Yang, Shanshan Xu, Mengya Chen, Yaping Yuan, Xu Zhang, Yubo Ma, Meng Wu, Renfang Han, Xingxing Hu, Rui Liu, Jixiang Deng, Shiyang Guan, Xing Gao & Faming Pan

  3. Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    Meijuan Pan, Shengqian Xu & Zongwen Shuai

  4. School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, People’s Republic of China

    Shanqun Jiang

  5. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, NO. 678#, Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

    Shihe Guan & Liwen Chen

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  14. Meijuan Pan
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  15. Shengqian Xu
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  16. Zongwen Shuai
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  17. Shanqun Jiang
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  18. Shihe Guan
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  19. Liwen Chen
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  20. Faming Pan
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Contributions

Corresponding author Faming Pan came up with the idea and he is guarantor. Authors #a and #b performed the literature search. Author #c was responsible for statistical analysis. Author Jiajia Yang wrote the first draft of the article. Author #d and #e modified the manuscript. All authors reviewed the paper and approved the final version. All authors agree to be accountable for the work and to ensure that any questions relating to the accuracy and integrity of the paper are investigated and properly resolved.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Faming Pan.

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Conflict of interest

Jiajia Yang, Shanshan Xu, Mengya Chen, Yaping Yuan, Xu Zhang, Yubo Ma, Meng Wu, Renfang Han, Xingxing Hu, Rui Liu, Jixiang Deng, Shiyang Guan, Xing Gao, Meijuan Pan, Shengqian Xu, Zongwen Shuai, Shanqun Jiang, Shihe Guan, Liwen Chen, and Faming Pan declare they have no conflicts of interest.

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Yang, J., Xu, S., Chen, M. et al. Serum Sclerostin and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Levels in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-Analysis. Calcif Tissue Int 105, 37–50 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-019-00542-z

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