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Incidence of and risk factors for pre-operative deep venous thrombosis in geriatric intertrochanteric fracture patients

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A Correction to this article was published on 19 January 2022

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this prospective study was to investigate the pre-operative incidence of and risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in geriatric intertrochanteric fractures to help facilitate the peri-operative management of them.

Materials and methods

Data of 1515 geriatric intertrochanteric fracture patients were extracted from a prospective intertrochanteric fractures database according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The demographics, fracture characteristics, and pre-operative laboratory indicators of patients were evaluated statistically.

Results

The incidence of pre-operative DVT was 10.2% (155 in 1360 patients) in the present study. The rates of proximal DVT, distal DVT, and mixed DVT were 18.1% (28 patients), 56.8% (88 patients), and 25.2% (39 patients), respectively. The percentages of DVT developing in the affected limb, uninjured limb, and bilateral limbs were 74.2% (115 in 55 patients), 16.8% (26 in 155 patients), and 9% (14 in 155 patients), respectively. After the multivariable analysis, the time from injury to surgery (TIS) > 4 days [odds ratio (OR) = 1.870, p = 0.001], the number of comorbidities > 2 (OR = 2.124, p = 0.014), and albumin (ALB) < 35 g/L (OR = 1.516, p = 0.043), etc. were significantly associated with the development of preoperative DVT in geriatric intertrochanteric fracture patients.

Conclusions

Although routine anticoagulant therapy was used to prevent the formation of DVT, the incidence of which was still high. Therefore, pre-operative ultrasound of both lower extremities was advised for pre-operatively, especially for patients with delayed surgery, hypoproteinemia, three or more comorbidities, and a d-dimer level > 1.59 mg/L.

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Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

The study was funded by National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2019YFC0120600).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Wei Chen and Yingze Zhang contributed equally to this work

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China

    Kuo Zhao, Zhongzheng Wang, Siyu Tian, Zhiyong Hou, Wei Chen & Yingze Zhang

  2. Key Laboratory of Biomechanics of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People’s Republic of China

    Kuo Zhao, Zhongzheng Wang, Siyu Tian, Zhiyong Hou, Wei Chen & Yingze Zhang

  3. Orthopaedic Research Institution of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People’s Republic of China

    Kuo Zhao, Zhongzheng Wang, Siyu Tian, Zhiyong Hou, Wei Chen & Yingze Zhang

  4. NHC Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, People’s Republic of China

    Zhiyong Hou & Yingze Zhang

  5. Chinese Academy of Engineering, Beijing, 10088, People’s Republic of China

    Yingze Zhang

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  1. Kuo Zhao
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Contributions

ZY H and YZ Z designed the study; KZ, SY T, and ZZ W searched relevant studies; WC analyzed and interpreted the data; KZ wrote the manuscript; and YZ Z and ZY H approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhiyong Hou.

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This study was approved by the ethics committee of Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, and all the participants had written informed consent.

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Consent to publish was obtained from the patient detailed in this study.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Zhao, K., Wang, Z., Tian, S. et al. Incidence of and risk factors for pre-operative deep venous thrombosis in geriatric intertrochanteric fracture patients. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 46, 351–359 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-021-05215-x

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