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Distant but related: genetic structure in the circum-boreal bumblebee Bombus jonellus (Kirby, 1802)

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Abstract

Whilst the Arctic and boreal bumblebee fauna is increasingly studied worldwide, information is missing about the genetic connections between circum-boreal populations of some widespread species, especially those living in remote regions like North-East Siberia and Alaska. Here, we study one of the most common boreal bumblebee species, Bombus (Pyrobombus) jonellus (Kirby, 1802), as a model to investigate current circum-boreal genetic connections and relations with relictual populations in its post-glacial refugia in Southern Europe. Our haplotype network analysis based on a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene reveals two main conspecific lineages, one in Europe including the Southern relictual populations from the Pyrenees and the second comprising Eastern Palearctic and Nearctic populations. However, West-Siberian populations of Bombus jonellus share haplotypes with the two distinct lineages. These results could indicate a postglacial, multidirectional and circum-boreal recolonization both in Europe and East-Palearctic from refugia in Siberia, in addition to other recolonization ways from Southern European refugia and Beringia. These findings highlight that a priori distant and isolated conspecific populations of B. jonellus could presently remain connected or have only presented a recent break in gene flow.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

adapted from Løken (1973), Panfilov (1957), Davydova (2003), Proshchalykin (2004), Proshchalykin et al. (2004), Proshchalykin and Kupianskaya (2005), Kupianskaya et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), Rasmont et al. (2015), Paukkunen and Kozlov (2015, 2020), Madsen et al. (2016), Byvaltsev et al. (2016) and Potapov and Kolosova (2020). Colored points displayed on this map correspond to the colors used in haplotype network analysis (Fig. 4). Distributional ranges are approximated based on literature records and thus are not meant to be accurate at a fine scale

Fig. 3
Fig. 4

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Data availability

All data are available in the main text or the supplementary materials including full data sets with the global sampling. Genetic sequences are available on Genbank (Accession Number in Online Resource 1).

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Abisko, Sweden, (Magnus Augner and Linnéa Wanhatalo), Tarfala, Sweden (Peter Läkare and Gunhild Ninis Rosqvist), Toolik field, USA (Michael Abels), Kluane lake, Canada (Sian Williams), Whapmagostuui-Kuujuarapik, Québec (Sydney Arruda), Salluit, Québec (Sydney Arruda), Chokurdakh Research station, E-Siberia (Trofim Maximov and Roman Petrov) and Khanymey, W-Siberia (Sergey Kirpotin, Ruslan Baghirov) scientific stations and all associated people for their hospitality and for their help for collecting bumblebee material especially Roland De Jonghe for specimens from Mongolia. The authors thank Thomas Wood for proofreading and comments on the manuscript. We also thank the referees Jan Ove Gjershaug, Sondre Dahle, Derek S. Sikes and one anonymous referee for their constructive comments which allowed the significant improvement of the manuscript. BM is a postdoctoral researcher for FRS-FNRS (Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique). GG and KP contributed as PhD students granted by the FRS-FNRS. The research was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 project INTERACT, under grant agreement No 730938. The study was partly supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project No. AAAA-A18-118011690221-0). We are also grateful to Hannele Savela (Oulu University, INTERACT administration) for her help in the INTERACT application process.

Funding

The research was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 project INTERACT, under grant agreement No 730938. The study was partly supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Project No. AAAA-A18-118011690221-0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute of Biosciences, University of Mons (UMons), Place du Parc 20, 7000, Mons, Belgium

    B. Martinet, G. Ghisbain, K. Przybyla, E. Zambra, N. Brasero & P. Rasmont

  2. Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue Paul Héger - CP 160/12, 1000, Brussels, Belgium

    B. Martinet

  3. N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Severnaya Dvina Emb. 23, Arkhangelsk, Russia, 163000

    A. V. Kondakov, A. A. Tomilova, Y. S. Kolosova, I. N. Bolotov & G. Potapov

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Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BM, GP. Conducted experiments: BM, GG, KP, GP. Analysed the data: BM, GG, KP, GP. Wrote the paper: BM, GG, KP, EZ, NB, AVK, AAT, YSK, INB, PR, GP.

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Correspondence to B. Martinet.

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Supplementary file1 (XLSX 14 kb)

Online Resource 1 Table of sampling. Sample code refers to the sample labels used in genetic analyses including the GenBank accession numbers for each sample (when conspecific samples display the same gene sequence, only one of them has been submitted to Genbank).

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Martinet, B., Ghisbain, G., Przybyla, K. et al. Distant but related: genetic structure in the circum-boreal bumblebee Bombus jonellus (Kirby, 1802). Polar Biol 44, 2039–2047 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-021-02937-x

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