Skip to main content
Log in

Dirt reference standard for surface cleanliness measurements

  • Published:
Applied Physics A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Thin films based on polymer poly(isobutyl methacrylate) (PIBMA), doped with carbon black particles deposited on steel plate substrates are proposed as dirt reference standards for cleanliness accreditation methods, particularly for instruments based on laser ablation. The films were made with the spin-coating method, obtaining layers with thickness between 4 and 17 μm. Carbon black particles with sizes smaller than 100 nm and concentrations between 1 and 27.6 mgr/cm3 were used. Characterization of the films was made by using absorbance measurements and laser ablation-induced photoacoustic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. V. Zafiropulos, C. Fotakis, Lasers in the conservation of painted artworks, in Laser Cleaning in Conservation: An Introduction, ed. by M. Cooper (Butterworth Heineman, Oxford, 1998), pp. 79–90. (Chapter 6)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Surface cleanliness measurement with infrared spectroscopy, USA patent 6956228 Appl. number: 10/329734 (The Boeing Company, Chicago)

  3. B. Luk’yanchuk (ed.), Laser Cleaning, in Optical Physics, Applied Physics and Material Science (World Scientific, Singapore, 2002)

    Google Scholar 

  4. T. Berdinskikh, H. Tkalec, Cleaning standards for fiber optic connectors promise time and cost savings. Photonics Spectra 38, 66 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Pressure-sensitive tape method. ISO 8502-3/92. International Organization for Standarization. www.iso.org (1992)

  6. European Commission EUR 18634, rolling oil distillation and thermo-cracking reactions in HNX and 100 % H2 annealing, technical steel research series (1996)

  7. Ford Specification No. ESB-M2P117-A., Determination of carbon contamination on cold-rolled steel sheets, The Sumitomo search no. 30 May 1985

  8. Method for determining the surface cleanliness with infrared spectroscopy. Patent application. International Appl. Number: WO2004/061438 (Boeing Company, 2004)

  9. E.Y. Assendelft, V.I. Beklemyshev, I.I. Makhonin, N.P. Yu, A.M. Prokhorov, V.I. Pustovoy, Optoacoustic effect on the desorption of microscopic particles from a solid surface into a liquid. Sov. Tech. Phys. Lett. 14(6), 444 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  10. A.C. Tam, W.P. Leung, W. Zapka, W. Ziemlich, Laser-cleaning technology for removal of surface particulates. J. Appl. Phys. 71, 3515 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. Y.F. Lu, W.D. Song, B.W. Ang, D.S.H. Chan, T.S. Low, A theoretical model for laser removal of particles from solid surfaces. Appl. Phys. A 65, 9 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. Y.W. Zheng, B.S. Luk´yanchuk, Y.F. Lu, W.D. Song, Z.H. May, Dry laser cleaning of particles from solid substrates: experiments and theory. J. Appl. Phys. 90, 2135 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Bilmes, G.M., Martínez, O.E.: Método para la determinación de suciedad en superficies. Patent AR990627, Argentina (1999)

  14. G.M. Bilmes, O.E. Martinez, P. Seré, D.J.O. Orzi, A. Pignotti, On line photoacoustic measurement of residual dirt on steel plates. Rev. Prog. Quant. Nondestruct. Eval. AIP 20, 1944 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. O.E. Martinez, G.M. Bilmes, D.J.O. Orzi, P. Seré, R. Musso, Y.A. Pignotti, On line measurement of residual dirt on steel plates by laser ablation and acoustic detection. Surf. Eng. 18(1), 67 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. G.M. Bilmes, D.J.O. Orzi, O.E. Martínez, A. Lencina, A real time method for surface cleanliness measurement. Appl. Phys. B 82, 643 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Bilmes, G.M., Martínez, O.E.: Equipo láser para la medición de suciedad en chapas de acero. Patent P00010124, Argentina (2000)

  18. G.M. Bilmes, O.E. Martínez, P. Seré, R. Musso, D.J.O. Orzi, A. Pignotti, Laser instrument for determination of the degree of cleanliness in cold-rolled steel plate manufacturing. Lation Am. Appl. Res. 32, 263 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bilmes, G.M., Martínez, O.E.: Laser apparatus for measuring dirt density on steel plates. Patent 6.546.784-EEUU (2003)

  20. Archiopoli, U.C., Bilmes, G.M., Martínez, O.E.: 25th International Conference on Surface Modification Technologies, West in Trollhättan, 20–22 June 2011

  21. D.J.O. Orzi, G.M. Bilmes, Identification and measurement of dirt composition of manufactured steel plates by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 58, 1475 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to specially thank to Dr. Oscar E. Martinez of FI-UBA, Bs.As., Argentina, for helpful comments and suggestions. This work was partially supported by FONCyT, Argentina. G.M.B. and D.J.O.O. are researchers of the CIC-BA.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. J. O. Orzi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Orzi, D.J.O., Bilmes, G.M. Dirt reference standard for surface cleanliness measurements. Appl. Phys. A 122, 770 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0294-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0294-2

Keywords

Navigation