Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Rock Strata Failure Behavior of Deep Ordovician Limestone Aquifer and Multi-level Control Technology of Water Inrush Based on Microseismic Monitoring and Numerical Methods

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The mining depth of most coal mines in North China has exceeded 1 km. The high seepage water pressure caused by high ground stress leads to the increasingly serious threat of water disaster in the mine. To explore the relationship and mechanism between water inrush from deep mining floor and grouting prevention, single-level grouting and multi-level cooperative grouting methods were carried out in Ordovician limestone confined aquifer of coal seam floor in Xingdong coal mine. Meanwhile, the temporal and spatial characteristics of rock fracture in the floor of deep mining face are revealed through the law of rock fracture microseismic. It is noteworthy that the occurrence time of water inrush and microseismic events have lag characteristics, that is, the occurrence time of microseismic events is earlier than that of water inrush. The multi-level cooperative grouting method can effectively control the non-uniform dissolution Ordovician limestone aquifer in-plane and vertical plane. Furthermore, single-level grouting and multi-level cooperative grouting methods are assumed to be unstable grouting and stable grouting. Besides, the flow pattern transformation characteristics of Ordovician limestone water in unstable to stable grouting are simulated by the finite element method. The results show that the energy inoculation level of fracture expansion around the aquifer decreases after stable grouting reinforcement. In other words, the multi-level cooperative grouting method can effectively strengthen and fill the water inrush channel and reduce the damage of high osmotic pressure to the aquiclude. It is of great significance to reduce the probability of water inrush in deep coal seam and ensure the mining safety of deep coal seam.

Highlights

  • The Ordovician limestone rock mass damage and dissolution are characterized by layered failure and non-uniform dissolution in horizontal and vertical directions.

  • The occurrence time of water inrush and microseismic events in Xingdong mining area have the lag characteristics.

  • A continuous multi-level collaborative grouting method in karst aquifer is proposed through segmenting, sequencing, and grouting pressure strengthening.

  • Multi-level cooperative grouting method in Ordovician limestone aquifer with high water pressure and uneven dissolution can effectively strengthen and fill the water inrush channel and reduce the probability of water inrush.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

modified from Liu et al. 2021). a Xingdong coal mine. b Wutong Zhuang coal mine

Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon request.

References

  • Bai HB, Ma D, Chen ZQ (2013) Mechanical behavior of groundwater seepage in karst collapse pillars. Eng Geol 164:101–106

    Google Scholar 

  • Bai JW, Zhu ZJ, Liu RT, Wang M, Zhang QS, Ma H (2021) Groundwater runoff pattern and keyhole grouting method in deep mines. Bull Eng Geol Env 80(7):5743–5755

    Google Scholar 

  • Bense VF, Gleeson T, Loveless SE, Bour O, Scibek J (2013) Fault zone hydrogeology. Earth-Sci Rev 127:171–192

    Google Scholar 

  • Biot MA (1962) Mechanics of deformation and acoustic propagation in porous media. J Appl Phys 33(4):1482–1498

    Google Scholar 

  • Brace WF (1978) A note on permeability change in geologic materials due to stress. Pure Appl Geophys 116(4/5):627–633

    Google Scholar 

  • Brinkman HC (1949) A calculation of the viscous force exerted by flowing fluid on a dense swam of particles. Appl Sci Res 1(1):27–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown RJS, Korringa J (1975) On the dependence of the elastic properties of a porous rock on the compressibility of the pore fluid. Geophysics 40(4):608–616

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukowski P (2011) Water hazard assessment in active shafts in upper Silesian coal basin mines. Mine Water Environ 30(4):302–311

    Google Scholar 

  • Cai M, Kaiser PK, Martin CD (2001) Quantification of rock mass damage in underground excavations from microseismic event monitoring. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 38(8):1135–1145

    Google Scholar 

  • De Waele J, Gutierrez F, Parise M, Plan L (2011) Geomorphology and natural hazards in karst areas: a review. Geomorphology 134(1–2):1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong SN, Wang H, Guo XM, Zhou ZF (2021) Characteristics of water hazards in China’s coal mines: a review. Mine Water Environ 40:325–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-021-00770-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fasshauer GE (2007) Meshfree approximation methods with matlab. World Scientific 520.

  • Gandhe A, Venkateswarlu V, Gupta RN (2005) Extraction of coal under a surface water body—a strata control investigation. Rock Mech Rock Eng 38(5):399–410

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao R, Yan H, Ju F, Mei XC, Wang XL (2018) Influential factors and control of water inrush in a coal seam as the main aquifer. Int J Min Sci Technol 28(2):187–193

    Google Scholar 

  • Geiger L (1912) Probability method for determination of earthquake epicenters from arrival time only. Bull St Louis Univ 8(1):56–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen D, Garga VK, Townsend DR (1995) Selection and application of a one-dimensional non-Darcy flow equation for two-dimensional flow through rockfill embankments. Can Geotech J 32(2):223–232

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang Z, Zeng W, Zhao K (2019) Experimental investigation of the variations in hydraulic properties of a fault zone in western Shandong, China. J Hydrol 574:822–835

    Google Scholar 

  • Hudyma M, Potvin YH (2010) An engineering approach to seismic risk management in hard rock mines. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43:891–906

    Google Scholar 

  • Islam MR, Hayashi D, Kamruzzaman AB (2009) Finite element modeling of stress distributions and problems for multi-slice longwall mining in Bangladesh with special reference to the Barapukuria coal mine. Int J Coal Geol 78:91–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang LS, Zhang PP, Chen LJ, Hao Z, Sainoki A, Mitri HS, Wang WB (2017) Numerical approach for goaf-side entry layout and yield pillar design in fractured ground conditions. Rock Mech Rock Eng 50(11):3049–3071

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang LS, Kong P, Zhang PP, Shu JM, Wang QB, Chen LJ, Wu QL (2020) Dynamic analysis of the rock burst potential of a longwall panel intersecting with a fault. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53:1737–1754

    Google Scholar 

  • Koerner RM, Mccabe WM, Lord AE (1981) Overview of acoustic emission monitoring of rock structures. Rock Mech Rock Eng 14(1):27–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Li XL, Dong SN, Liu KD (2021) Prevention and control of water inrushes from subseam karstic Ordovician limestone during coal mining above ultra-thin aquitards. Mine Water Environ 40(2):345–356

    Google Scholar 

  • Liang ZZ, Song WC, Liu WT (2020) Theoretical models for simulating the failure range and stability of inclined floor strata induced by mining and hydraulic pressure. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 132:104382

    Google Scholar 

  • Lienert BR, Berg E, Frazer LN (1986) Hypocenter: an earthquake location method using centered, scaled, and adaptively damped least squares. Bull Seismol Soc Americ 76(3):771–783

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu SQ, Fei Y, Xu YC, Huang L, Guo WY (2020) Full-floor grouting reinforcement for working faces with large mining heights and high water pressure: a case study in China. Mine Water Environ 39:268–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu ZX, Dong SN, Wang H, Wang XD, Nan SH, Liu D (2021) Macroscopic and mesoscopic development characteristics of the top strata of middle Ordovician limestone in the Hanxing mining area. Environ Earth Sci 80:526

    Google Scholar 

  • Ma K, Sun XY, Tang CA, Wang SJ, Yuan FZ, Yl P, Liu K (2020) An early warning method for water inrush in Dongjiahe coal mine based on microseismic moment tensor. J Central South Univ 27(10):3133–3148

    Google Scholar 

  • Mao DQ, Liu ZB, Wang WK, Li SC, Gao YQ, Xu ZH, Zhang C (2018) An application of hydraulic tomography to a deep coal mine: combining traditional pumping tests with water inrush incidents. J Hydrol 567:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Mercier JP, Beer WD, Mercier JP, Morris S (2015) Evolution of a block cave from time-lapse passive source body-wave traveltime tomography. Geophysics 80(2) WA85–WA97

  • Mngadi SB, Durrheim RJ, Manzi MSD, Ogasawara H; YabeY, Yilmaz H, Wechsler N, Van Aswegen G, Roberts D, Ward AK, Naoi M, Moriya H, Nakatani M, Ishida A, SATREPS Team, ICDP DSeis Team (2019) Integration of underground mapping, petrology, and high-resolution microseismicity analysis to characterise weak geotechnical zones in deep South African gold mines. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 114: 79–91

  • Mou L, Dong SN, Zhou WF, Wang W, Li A, Shi ZY (2020) Data analysis and key parameters of typical water hazard control engineering in coal mines of China. Mine Water Environ 39:331–344

    Google Scholar 

  • Oluwole O (2011) Application of PDEtoolbox™ to Elasticity Problems. Springer, London, pp 85–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Parise M, Closson D, Gutierrez F, Stevanović Z (2015) Anticipating and managing engineering problems in the complex karst environment. Environ Earth Sci 74(12):7823–7835

    Google Scholar 

  • Plummer LN, Busby JF, Lee RW, Hanshaw BB (1990) Geochemical modeling of the Madison aquifer in parts of Montana, Wyoming, and South Dakota. Water Resour Res 26(9):1981–2014

    Google Scholar 

  • Prugger AF, Gendzwill DJ (1988) Microearthquake location: a nonlinear approach that makes use of a simplex stepping procedure. Bull Seismol Soc Am 78(2):99–815

    Google Scholar 

  • Qiu M, Huang FJ, Wang JX, Shi LQ, Liu TH (2020) Characteristics of vertical karst development and grouting reinforcement engineering practice of the Ordovician top in the Feicheng coalfield China. Carbon Evapor 35:78

    Google Scholar 

  • Sainoki A, Mitri HS, Chinnasane D, Schwartzkopff AK (2019) Quantitative energy-based evaluation of the intensity of mining-induced seismic activity in a fractured rock mass. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52:4651–4667

    Google Scholar 

  • Sako A, Bamba O, Gordio A (2016) Hydrogeochemical processes controlling groundwater quality around Bomboré gold mineralized zone, central Burkina Faso. J Geochem Explor 170:58–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Srinivasan C, Arora SK, Benady S (1999) Precursory monitoring of impending rockbursts in Kolar gold mines from microseismic emissions at deeper levels. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 36(7):941–948

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun YJ, Zuo JP, Karakus M, Wang JT (2019) Investigation of movement and damage of integral overburden during shallow coal seam mining. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 117:63–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun YJ, Zuo JP, Karakus M, Wen JH (2020) A novel method for predicting movement and damage of overburden caused by shallow coal mining. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53:1545–1563

    Google Scholar 

  • Sun YJ, Zuo J, Karakus M, Liu L, Zhou HW, Yu ML (2021) A new theoretical method to predict strata movement and surface subsidence due to inclined coal seam mining. Rock Mech Rock Eng 54:2723–2740

    Google Scholar 

  • Tseng DJ, Tsai BR, Chang LC (2001) A case study on ground treatment for a rock tunnel with high groundwater ingression in Taiwan. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 16:175–183

    Google Scholar 

  • Unlu T, Akcin H, Yilmaz O (2013) An integrated approach for the prediction of subsidence for coal mining basins. Eng Geol 166:186–203

    Google Scholar 

  • White WB (2002) Karst hydrology: recent developments and open questions. Eng Geol 65(2–3):85–105

    Google Scholar 

  • Wu GS, Yu WJ, Zuo JP, Du SH (2020) Experimental and theoretical investigation on mechanisms performance of the rock-coal-bolt (RCB) composite system. Int J Min Sci Technol 30(6):759–768

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao YX, Feng XT, Hudson JA, Chen BR, Feng GL, Liu JP (2016) ISRM suggested method for in situ microseismic monitoring of the fracturing process in rock masses. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49:343–369

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiong W, Tian GL, Huang LX, Zhou J, Gao HJ (2002) Solid-fluid coupling phenomenon in deformable porous media. J Hydrodyn 6:770–776

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu BH, Ding SL, Bai FQ (2010) Numerical simulation of grouting for stopping up water in water inrush accident of coal mine. J China Coal Soc 10:1665–1669

    Google Scholar 

  • Yin SX, Zhang JC, Liu DM (2015) A study of mine water inrushes by measurements of in situ stress and rock failures. Nat Haz 79:1961–1979

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu J, Liu GY, Cai YY, Zhou JF, Liu SY, Tu BX (2020) Time-dependent deformation mechanism for swelling soft-rock tunnels in coal mines and its mathematical deduction. Int J Geomech 20(3):04019186. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001594

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu WJ, Wu GS, Pan B, Wu QH, Liao Z (2021) Experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of sandstone–coal–bolt specimens with different angles under conventional triaxial compression. Int J Geomech 21(6):4021067

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang JC (2005) Investigations of water inrushes from aquifers under coal seams. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 42(3):350–360

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang JC, Shen BH (2004) Coal mining under aquifers in China: a case study. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 41(4):629–639

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang PH, Yang TH, Yu QL, Xu T, Shi WH, Li SC (2016) Study of a seepage channel formation using the combination of microseismic monitoring technique and numerical method in Zhangmatun iron mine. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49:3699–3708

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang SH, Wu SC, Zhang G, Guo P, Chu CQ (2020) Three-dimensional evolution of damage in sandstone Brazilian discs by the concurrent use of active and passive ultrasonic techniques. Acta Geotech 15:393–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YL, Luo SL, Wang YX, Wang WJ, Zhang LY, Wan W (2017a) Numerical analysis of karst water inrush and a criterion for establishing the width of water-resistant rock pillars. Mine Water Environ 36:508–519

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YL, Wang YX, Wang WJ, Wan W, Tang JZ (2017b) Modeling of non-linear rheological behavior of hard rock using triaxial rheological experiment. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 93:66–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Y, Yang TH, Zhang PH, Xu HY, Zhou JR, Yu QL (2019) Method for generating a discrete fracture network from microseismic data and its application in analyzing the permeability of rock masses: a case study. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52:3133–3155

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao YL, Liu Q, Zhang CS, Liao J, Lin H, Wang YX (2021) Coupled seepage-damage effect in fractured rock masses: model development and a case study. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 144:104822

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou JR, Wei J, Yang TH, Zhang PH, Liu FY, Chen JK (2021) Seepage channel development in the crown pillar: Insights from induced microseismicity. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 145(1):104851

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuo JP, Li YL, Zhang XY, Zhao ZH, Wang TZ (2018) The effects of thermal treatments on the subcritical crack growth of Pingdingshan sandstone at elevated high temperatures. Rock Mech Rock Eng 51:3439–3454

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuo JP, Wei X, Shi Y, Liu C, Li M, Wong RHC (2020) Experimental study of the ultrasonic and mechanical properties of a naturally fractured limestone. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 125:104162

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by Beijing Outstanding Young Scientist Program (BJJWZYJH01201911413037), the projects (Grants No: 41877257) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shaanxi Coal Group Key Project (2018SMHKJ-A-J-03), Yueqi outstanding scholar award program by CUMTB and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2022YJSLJ02). The authors would also like to express appreciation to the reviewers and editor for their valuable comments and suggestions that helped improve the quality of our paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Jianping Zuo, Genshui Wu, Jian Du & Bo Lei

  2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Jianping Zuo

  3. Hebei Coal Science Research Institute, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, China

    Yubao Li

Authors
  1. Jianping Zuo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Genshui Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jian Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Bo Lei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Yubao Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jianping Zuo or Genshui Wu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

All the authors in this paper declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zuo, J., Wu, G., Du, J. et al. Rock Strata Failure Behavior of Deep Ordovician Limestone Aquifer and Multi-level Control Technology of Water Inrush Based on Microseismic Monitoring and Numerical Methods. Rock Mech Rock Eng 55, 4591–4614 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02891-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02891-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation