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Inactivation and morphological changes of avian influenza virus by copper ions

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Abstract

The infectivity of the H9N2 virus to MDCK cells was time-dependently inhibited by Cu2+ at concentrations of 2.5–250 μM. In 25 μM Cu2+ solution, the virus titer decreased by approximately 3 and 4 log within 3 and 6 h, respectively. Compared to Cu2+, Zn2+ was much less effective in virus inactivation. The H9N2 virus hemagglutinin activity was not affected by 2.5–250 μM Cu2+. The H9N2 virus neuraminidase (NA) activity was drastically reduced by 25 mM Cu2+, marginally reduced by 250 μM Cu2+, and not affected by 25 μM Cu2+. Thus, we found that copper ions suppress the infectivity of influenza virus at lower concentrations at which neither NA nor hemagglutination inhibition occurs. Electron microscopic analysis revealed morphological abnormalities of the Cu2+-treated H9N2 virus. Additional studies should be undertaken to clarify the mechanism underlying the antiviral effect of copper ions on influenza virus.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by grants from the Program of Founding Research Centers for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, and by grant-in aid for Exploratory Research (19659115), MEXT Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    M. Horie

  2. Research Center for Animal Hygiene and Food Safety, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 2-11 Inada, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan

    H. Ogawa, Y. Yoshida, K. Yamada, A. Hara, K. Ozawa, S. Matsuda & K. Imai

  3. Department of Agro-Environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan

    C. Mizota & M. Tani

  4. Research Team of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0856, Japan

    Y. Yamamoto, M. Yamada & K. Nakamura

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  1. M. Horie
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  2. H. Ogawa
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  3. Y. Yoshida
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  4. K. Yamada
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  5. A. Hara
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  6. K. Ozawa
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  7. S. Matsuda
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  8. C. Mizota
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  9. M. Tani
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  10. Y. Yamamoto
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  11. M. Yamada
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  12. K. Nakamura
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  13. K. Imai
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Correspondence to H. Ogawa.

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Horie, M., Ogawa, H., Yoshida, Y. et al. Inactivation and morphological changes of avian influenza virus by copper ions. Arch Virol 153, 1467–1472 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-008-0154-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-008-0154-2

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