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Checkpoint-Inhibition bei Tumorerkrankungen

Checkpoint inhibition in cancer

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Der Einzug der Checkpoint-Inhibitoren (CPI) in die onkologische Therapielandschaft stellte einen wesentlichen Fortschritt der Immuntherapie in der letzten Dekade dar.

Ziel der Arbeit

In diesem Beitrag wird der Wirkmechanismus der CPI und deren aktuelle klinische Anwendung in der Systemtherapie unterschiedlicher Tumorentitäten erläutert.

Material und Methoden

Relevante Artikel wurden in der PubMed-Datenbank identifiziert. Informationen zu klinischen Studien wurden aus dem Studienregister Clinicaltrials.gov extrahiert, Arzneimittelzulassungen aus den öffentlichen Schreiben der European Medicines Agency (EMA) und der US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Schlussfolgerung

Obwohl durch CPI wesentliche Fortschritte in der Behandlung vieler Malignome erzielt wurden, können robuste Ansprechraten und ein Langzeitüberleben nur bei wenigen Patienten beobachtet werden. Die Entwicklung prädiktiver Biomarker zur Maximierung der Effektivität und Minimierung potenzieller immunvermittelter Nebenwirkungen kann neben neuen Kombinationstherapien dazu beitragen, das volle Potenzial der CPI zu entfalten.

Abstract

Background

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) into the therapeutic landscape in oncology over the last decade represents a fundamental advancement in cancer immunotherapy.

Objectives

We review the mechanism of action of ICI and their current use in the systemic therapy of various cancers.

Materials and methods

Relevant articles were identified in the PubMed database. Clinical trial information was extracted from the Clinicaltrials.gov registry; information on drug approvals were obtained from the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration databases.

Conclusions

Although substantial improvements in the treatment of many types of cancer have been achieved by ICI, durable responses and long-term survival can only be observed in a small number of patients. The development of predictive biomarkers to maximize efficacy and minimize immune-related toxicity, in addition to new combination regimens, may help unleash the full potential of ICI in cancer immunotherapy.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine II, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Deutschland

    Najib Ben Khaled, Ignazio Piseddu, Daniel F. R. Boehmer,  Julia Mayerle &  Enrico N. De Toni

  2. Partner site Munich, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich, Deutschland

    Najib Ben Khaled

  3. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Deutschland

    Ignazio Piseddu & Daniel F. R. Boehmer

  4. Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Deutschland

    Sarah Zierold &  Lucie Heinzerling

  5. Side Effect Registry Immuno-Oncology SERIO http://www.serio-registry.org

    Sarah Zierold &  Lucie Heinzerling

  6. Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Deutschland

    Lucie Heinzerling

Authors
  1. Najib Ben Khaled
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  2. Ignazio Piseddu
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  3. Daniel F. R. Boehmer
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  4. Sarah Zierold
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  5. Lucie Heinzerling
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  6. Julia Mayerle
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  7. Enrico N. De Toni
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julia Mayerle.

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

N. Ben Khaled, I. Piseddu, D.F.R. Boehmer, S. Zierold, L. Heinzerling, J. Mayerle und E.N. de Toni geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autoren keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Ben Khaled, N., Piseddu, I., Boehmer, D.F.R. et al. Checkpoint-Inhibition bei Tumorerkrankungen. Onkologe 27, 1075–1084 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-021-01021-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-021-01021-7

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