Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the frequency and severity of chronic periodontitis (CP) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with individuals without rheumatic diseases. Seventy-five patients with SLE were compared to 75 individuals without rheumatic diseases (control group) matched for age, educational level, and income. The activity of SLE was assessed with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000. Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus evaluated SLE-related damage. Dental evaluation included measuring plaque index and parameters of periodontal disease (probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing). Fifty-one (68 %) SLE patients and 42 (56 %) control individuals had CP (p = 0.13). Periodontal status was similar in both groups. Considering only individuals with CP, SLE patients were younger than controls (40.7 ± 9.8 versus 46.14 ± 12.5 years of age, p = 0.02). CP was not associated with activity or therapeutics in SLE patients. Severity of periodontal parameters was similar in SLE patients and control subjects; however, CP occurred earlier in SLE patients.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gonzales TS, Coleman GC (1999) Periodontal manifestations of collagen vascular disorders. Periodontol 21:94–105
Calderaro DC, Ferreira GA, Mendonça SM, Corrêa JD, Santos FX, Sanção JG, Silva TA, Teixeira AL (2016) Is there an association between systemic lupus erythematosus and periodontal disease? Rev Bras Reumatol 56:280–284
Fernandes EGC, Saviolli C, Siqueira STT, Silva CAA (2007) Oral health and the masticatory system in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 16:713–719
Fabbri C, Fuller R, Bonfá E, Guedes LK, D’alleva PS, Borba EF (2014) Periodontitis treatment improves systemic lupus erythematosus response to immunosuppressive therapy. Clin Rheumatol 33:505–509
Hochberg MG (1997) Update the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 40:1725
Gladman D, Ibañez D, Urowitz MB (2002) Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000. J Rheumatol 29:288–299
Gladman D, Ginzler E, Goldsmith C, Fortin P, Liang M, Urowitz M, Bacon P, Bombardier S, Hanly J, Hay E, Isenberg D, Jones J, Kalunian K, Maddison P, Nived O, Petri M, Richter M, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Snaith M, Sturfelt G, Symmons D, Zoma A (1996) The development and initial validation of the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics/American College of Rheumatology damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 39:363–369
Furie R, Petri M, Zamani O, Cervera R, Wallace DJ, Tegzová D, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Schwating A, Merrill JT, Chatham WW, Stohl W, Ginzler EM, Hough DR, Zhong ZJ, Freimuth W, van Vollenhoven RF, BLISS-76 Study Group (2011) A phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled study of belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B lymphocyte stimulator, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 63:3918–3930
Petri M, Purvey S, Fang H, Magder L (2012) Predictors of organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins’ lupus cohort. Arthritis Rheum 64:4021–4028
Eke PI, Page RC, Wei L, Thornton-Evans G, Genco RJ (2012) Update of the case definitions for population-based surveillance of periodontitis. J Periodontol 83:1449–1454
Magder LS, Petri M (2012) Incidence of and risk factors for adverse cardiovascular events among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Epidemiol 176:708–719
Adachi JD, Lau A (2014) Systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoporosis and fractures. J Rheumatol 41:1913–1915
Petri M, Naqibuddin M, Carson KA, Sampedro M, Wallace DJ, Weisman MH, Holiday SL, Padilla PA, Brey RL (2008) Cognitive function in a systemic lupus erythematosus inception cohort. J Rheumatol 35:1776–1781
Alderaan K, Sekicki V, Magder LS, Petri M (2015) Risk factors for cataracts in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Rheumatol Int 35:701–708
Gesser HC, Peres MA, Marcenes W (2001) Gingival and periodontal conditions associated with socioeconomic factors. Rev Saude Publica 35:289–293
Watanabe K, Cho YD (2014) Periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome: a qualitative critical review of their association. Arch Oral Biol 59:855–870
Trombone AP, Claudino M, Colavite P, de Assis GF, Avila-Campos MJ, Silva JS, Campanelli AP, Ibañez OM, De Franco M, Garlet GP (2010) Periodontitis and arthritis interaction in mice involves a shared hyper-inflammatory genotype and functional immunological interferences. Gens Immun 11:479–489
Cantley MD, Haynes DR, Marino V, Bartold PM (2011) Pre-existing periodontitis exacerbates experimental arthritis in a mouse model. J Clin Periodontol 38:532–541
Acknowledgments
This study was partly funded by CNPq and FAPEMIG, Brazil.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Disclosures
None.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Calderaro, D.C., Ferreira, G.A., Corrêa, J.D. et al. Is chronic periodontitis premature in systemic lupus erythematosus patients?. Clin Rheumatol 36, 713–718 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-016-3385-8
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-016-3385-8