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Fungal community structure at pelagic and littoral sites in Lake Biwa determined with high-throughput sequencing

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Abstract

Fungi may play an important role in material cycling in lakes and oceans; however, only limited information is available on fungal community structure, especially in large lakes such as Lake Biwa. In this study, whole fungal communities were determined seasonally and spatially using a high-throughput sequencing technique. Water samples were collected from the epilimnion, 0–20 m depth, with a Van Dorn sampler at a pelagic site and from the surface at a littoral site in the north basin of Lake Biwa. All pelagic depth samples were combined into one sample. Sampling occurred on 24 April, 22 May, 10 July, and 16 September 2015. DNA was extracted from filtered samples. Metabarcoding analysis targeting fungi-specific internal transcribed spacer 2 regions was performed using an Illumina MiSeq platform. Epilimnetic fungal communities showed high diversity, with 479 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTUs included 122 belonging to the phylum Ascomycota, 127 to Basidiomycota, 38 to Zygomycota, 45 to Chytridiomycota, 2 to Glomeromycota, and 145 were unclassified fungi. Fungal community structures varied seasonally and spatially. Few of the fungal OTUs overlapped between seasons and sites, and specific communities of fungi were detected on each sampling occasion. Results indicated that spatio-temporal variations in fungal communities were high and may be influenced by both internal factors and external factors, such as terrestrial inputs.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Captain Bun-ichiro Kaigai for providing help with sample collection using the research vessel Hassaka. We also thank the members of our laboratories for supporting all of the laboratory work. This study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (25281012) from the Ministry of Education to MK and a Chinese Scholarship Council Grant to PS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone, Shiga, 522-8533, Japan

    Peixue Song, Shoko Tanabe, Rong Yi, Xin Liu & Syuhei Ban

  2. Faculty of Science, Toho University, Narashino Campus, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba, 724-8510, Japan

    Maiko Kagami

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  1. Peixue Song
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  2. Shoko Tanabe
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  3. Rong Yi
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Correspondence to Syuhei Ban.

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Song, P., Tanabe, S., Yi, R. et al. Fungal community structure at pelagic and littoral sites in Lake Biwa determined with high-throughput sequencing. Limnology 19, 241–251 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-017-0537-8

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