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Risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse of Chinese patients with MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis

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Abstract

Identification of risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse would be crucial to personalization therapy in patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV). Current evidence with regard to the risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse remains limited and inconclusive. We aimed to assess the predictors for treatment resistance and relapse in a single-center cohort of Chinese patients with MPO-AAV in this study. In total, 184 patients with MPO-AAV were included. Treatment resistance occurred in 64 (34.9%) of 184 patients and was positively associated with lung involvement (odds ratio [OR] 3.581, 95% CI 1.137–11.278, p = 0.029) and the initial serum creatinine level (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.001–1.007, p = 0.010) and was negatively associated with platelet (OR 0.992, 95% CI 0.987–0.998, p = 0.007) and serum C3 levels (OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.996–0.999, p = 0.004). Relapse occurred in 29 (24.17%) of 120 patients in whom remission was achieved and was independently associated with lung involvement (hazard ratio [HR] 4.595, 95% CI 1.272–16.599, p = 0.020) and cardiovascular involvement (HR 3.689, 95% CI 1.237–11, p = 0.019,). The serum globulin was demonstrated to be negatively associated with relapse independently (HR 0.876; 95% CI 0.806–0.953; p = 0.002). This retrospective study of MPO-AAV patients in a single Chinese center suggests that treatment resistance was positively associated with lung involvement and the initial serum creatinine level and was negatively associated with platelet and serum C3 levels. Lung involvement and cardiovascular involvement were associated with an increased risk of relapse, while the higher serum globulin was demonstrated to be in association with a decreased risk of relapse.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81800641), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2018JJ3853; 2018JJ3818), the Project of Health Commission of Hunan province (C2019184), Chinese Society of Nephrology (18020010780), and the Elite Program of Xiangya hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

    Li Huang

  2. Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, China

    Chanjuan Shen

  3. Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

    Yong Zhong, Ting Wu, Ting Meng, Zhou Xiao, Xiang Ao, Xiangcheng Xiao, Qiaoling Zhou & Ping Xiao

  4. Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia

    Joshua D. Ooi

  5. Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

    Ya-Ou Zhou

  6. Department of Medical Records and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

    Jin-Biao Chen

  7. Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

    Wei Lin

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  1. Li Huang
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Correspondence to Yong Zhong.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethics Committee of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (IRB Approval Number 200901008) and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Huang, L., Shen, C., Zhong, Y. et al. Risk factors for treatment resistance and relapse of Chinese patients with MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis. Clin Exp Med 20, 199–206 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-020-00614-7

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