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Plant Aurora kinases interact with and phosphorylate transcription factors

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Abstract

Aurora kinase (AUR) is a well-known mitotic serine/threonine kinase that regulates centromere formation, chromosome segregation, and cytokinesis in eukaryotes. In addition to regulating mitotic events, AUR has been shown to regulate protein dynamics during interphase in animal cells. In contrast, there has been no identification and characterization of substrates and/or interacting proteins during interphase in plants. The Arabidopsis thaliana genome encodes three AUR paralogues, AtAUR1, AtAUR2, and AtAUR3. Among them, AtAUR1 and AtAUR2 are considered to function redundantly. Here, we confirmed that both AtAUR1 and AtAUR3 are localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm during interphase, suggesting that they have functions during interphase. To identify novel interacting proteins, we used AlphaScreen to target 580 transcription factors (TFs) that are mainly functional during interphase, using recombinant A. thaliana TFs and AtAUR1 or AtAUR3. We found 133 and 32 TFs had high potential for interaction with AtAUR1 and AtAUR3, respectively. The highly AtAUR-interacting TFs were involved in various biological processes, suggesting the functions of the AtAURs during interphase. We found that AtAUR1 and AtAUR3 showed similar interaction affinity to almost all TFs. However, in some cases, the interaction affinity differed substantially between the two AtAUR homologues. These results suggest that AtAUR1 and AtAUR3 have both redundant and distinct functions through interactions with TFs. In addition, database analysis revealed that most of the highly AtAUR-interacting TFs contained a detectable phosphopeptide that was consistent with the consensus motifs for human AURs, suggesting that these TFs are substrates of the AtAURs. The AtAURs phosphorylated several highly interacting TFs in the AlphaScreen in vitro. Overall, in line with the regulation of TFs through interaction, our results indicate the possibility of phosphoregulation of several TFs by the AtAURs (280/300).

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. D. Van Damme for providing the transgenic plant proAtAUR1::genomicAtAUR1-GFP, Dr. T. Nakagawa for providing pGWB4, and Y. Nakamura for technical assistance. This work was supported by CREST Grants from the Japan Science and Technology Agency to S.M., MXT/JSPS KAKENHI to S.M. (26291067, 15H01238, 15H05962), and JSPS KAKENHI to T. Sakamoto (25113002); Platform for Drug Discovery, Informatics, and Structural Life Science to T. Sawasaki.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan

      Mai Takagi, Takuya Sakamoto, Ritsuko Suzuki, Takeshi Hirakawa & Sachihiro Matsunaga

    2. Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 791-8577, Japan

      Keiichirou Nemoto & Tatsuya Sawasaki

    3. Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8679, Japan

      Takeshi Obayashi

    4. Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan

      Tomoko M. Matsunaga

    5. Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, JST ERATO Higashiyama Live-Holonics Project, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan

      Daisuke Kurihara

    6. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan

      Yuko Nariai & Takeshi Urano

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    1. Mai Takagi
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    Correspondence to Sachihiro Matsunaga.

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    M. Takagi and T. Sakamoto equally contributed to this work.

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    Takagi, M., Sakamoto, T., Suzuki, R. et al. Plant Aurora kinases interact with and phosphorylate transcription factors. J Plant Res 129, 1165–1178 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-016-0860-x

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