Abstract
Rising anthropogenic activities have increased waste production and, in turn, the concentration of contaminants in waters. In particular, endocrine disruptors are natural and synthetic contaminants that cause many health problems. Endocrine disruptors bioaccumulate and alter the endocrine systems of both humans and wildlife. Endocrine disruptors are health hazards even at low concentrations. Their recalcitrant properties make the current water and wastewater management system inefficient for their removal. Hence, new removal methods need to be designed and employed. Here, we review alternative technologies for the removal of endocrine disruptors from aqueous matrices, with focus on adsorption, membrane separation and biodegradation. The efficiency, materials, methods, advantages and disadvantages of these treatments are analysed and compared. The main endocrine disruptors include parabens, bisphenols, phthalates, estradiols, nonylphenols and some pesticides.
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The authors thank for the financial support from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) (Proc. 2017/18236-1), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) (406193/2018-5), and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).
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Vieira, W.T., de Farias, M.B., Spaolonzi, M.P. et al. Removal of endocrine disruptors in waters by adsorption, membrane filtration and biodegradation. A review. Environ Chem Lett 18, 1113–1143 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01000-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01000-1