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Silver-coated magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient delivery system for the antibiotics trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole against E. Coli and S. aureus: release kinetics and antimicrobial activity

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Abstract

Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole are prescribed for a broad spectrum of bacteria. However, the use of these medicines is restricted due to the risk of microbial resistance in the body. Nanotechnology is a strategy for overcoming this problem by helping develop novel drug delivery systems. This study aims to assess the ability of Fe3O4/Ag and Fe3O4@SiO2/Ag nanoparticles to improve efficiency of the traditional formulation of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Fe3O4/Ag and Fe3O4@SiO2/Ag were found to have sphere-like morphologies with average sizes of 33.2 and 35.1 nm, respectively. The values of the zeta potential for the pure sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were -30.6 and -10.0 mV, respectively, which increased to zero or even larger positive values after being conjugated with the NPs. The study of the release kinetics showed that 64.7% of the medicines were released from the carriers within 40 days. The values of MIC for sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, Fe3O4/Ag/sulfamethoxazole, Fe3O4/Ag/trimethoprim, Fe3O4@SiO2/Ag/sulfamethoxazole, and Fe3O4@SiO2/Ag/trimethoprim against Escherichia coli were calculated to be 12, 9, 4, 4, 4, and 4 μg/mL, respectively. Besides, the relevant values against Staphylococcus aureus were measured to be 12, 9, 4, 4, 3, and 2 μg/mL, respectively. The use of synthesized nanomaterials for the delivery of these antibiotics leads to smaller doses compared to their traditional forms.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to dedicate the present research to the late Mr. Alireza Afzalipour and Mrs. Fakhereh Saba, the founders of the University of Kerman, for their foresight and generosity in establishing the mentioned institution to train future generations of scientists. In addition, the authors appreciate the late Dr. Parviz Dabiri for his generous support for establishing our research laboratory. Part of the funding for this project was provided by the Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS). This study was approved by the RUMS Ethics Committee under number IR.RUMS.REC.1398.026.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

    Fatemeh Mehrabi, Tayebeh Shamspur, Hassan Sheibani & Ali Mostafavi

  2. Young Research Societies, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

    Fatemeh Mehrabi

  3. Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICO, World Safety Organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

    Maryam Mohamadi

  4. Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

    Hamid Hakimi & Reza Bahramabadi

  5. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

    Hamid Hakimi

  6. Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Reza Bahramabadi

  7. Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

    Elham Salari

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  1. Fatemeh Mehrabi
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Correspondence to Maryam Mohamadi.

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Mehrabi, F., Shamspur, T., Sheibani, H. et al. Silver-coated magnetic nanoparticles as an efficient delivery system for the antibiotics trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole against E. Coli and S. aureus: release kinetics and antimicrobial activity. Biometals 34, 1237–1246 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-021-00338-5

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