Abstract
In this study, a gradually increased hydro-mechanical treatments duration were applied to native hemp bast fibres with a traditional pulp and paper beating device (laboratory Valley beater). There is often a trade-off between the treatment applied to the fibres and the effect on their integrity. The multimodal analysis provided an understanding of the beating impact on the fibres at multiple scales and the experimental design made it possible to distinguish the effects of hydro- and hydro-mechanical treatment. Porosity analyses showed that beating treatment doubled the macroporosity and possibly reduced nanoporosity between the cellulose microfibrils. The beating irregularly extracted the amorphous components known to be preferentially located in the middle lamellae and the primary cell walls rather than in the secondary walls, the overall increasing the crystallinity of cellulose from 49.3 to 59.1%, but a non-significant change in the indentation moduli of the cell wall was observed. In addition, beating treatments with two distinct mechanical severities showed a disorganization of the cellulose conformation, which significant dropped the indention moduli by 11.2 GPa and 8.4 GPa for 10 and 20 min of Valley beater hydro-mechanical treatment, respectively, compared to hydro-treated hemp fibres (16.6 GPa). Pearson’s correlation coefficients between physicochemical features and the final indentation moduli were calculated. Strong positive correlations were highlighted between the cellulose crystallinity and rhamnose, galactose and mannose as non-cellulosic polysaccharide components of the cell wall.
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Abbreviations
- DVS:
-
Dynamic vapour sorption
- HPAEC-PAD:
-
High-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection
- HPLC:
-
High-performance liquid chromatography
- MFA:
-
Microfibrillar angle
- MIP:
-
Mercury intrusion porosimetry
- NCP’s:
-
Non cellulosic polysaccharides
- SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscopy
- XRD:
-
X-ray diffraction
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Acknowledgment
As this project is part of the SINFONI program, the authors would like to thank BPI France for their financial support. The authors would like to thank Bernard Kurek, Anouck Habrant, Olivier Delfosse and François Gaudard from FARE laboratory, for their complementary support. Thanks also to Julien Hubert from Gegenaa for performing the porosimetry experiments. Finally, the authors are grateful to Gilles Bajul from Celodev (Aÿ, France) for his help and scientific discussions on the beating process.
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Padovani, J., Legland, D., Pernes, M. et al. Beating of hemp bast fibres: an examination of a hydro-mechanical treatment on chemical, structural, and nanomechanical property evolutions. Cellulose 26, 5665–5683 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02456-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02456-3