Abstract
As the important part of liquid packaging board, the middle layer is generally produced from a mixed pulp furnish by unbleached softwood kraft pulp and high-yield pulp (HYP). However, the addition of HYP would bring unsatisfactory properties (e.g. hydrophilicity) to liquid packaging board. Herein, in this study, the sizing performance of middle layer of liquid packaging board was evaluated by varying the kraft pulp to HYP ratios of middle layer, the dosage of sizing agent and cationic additives etc. It showed that the edge penetration value and Cobb value of middle layer illustrated a better liquid repellence with the addition of sizing agent. The improved sizing performance of the middle layer of liquid packaging board can be ascribed to the excellent performance of the added cationic additive (polyethyleneimine (PEI), alums) for trapping anionic trash via neutralization/flocculation effects. In addition, a binary cationic additive system (Al2(SO4)3-PEI) was proposed to study the improvement on the sizing performance. It was found that a desirable liquid repellence ability can be successfully achieved at a binary additive system containing 1.5% of Al2(SO4)3 and 0.2% of PEI, even when dosage of rosin sizing agent was reduced to 0.5%. The study put forwards a practical approach to improve the sizing performance, especially the liquid repellence ability of liquid packaging board when containing HYP.
Graphic abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allem R, St-Amour S, Zou X (2014) Application of high-yield pulps in liquid packaging board. In: International mechanical pulping conference (IMPC 2014), Helsinki, 2–5 June
Avitsland G, Wagberg L (2005) Flow resistance of wet and dry sheets used for preparation of liquid packaging board. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 20(3):345–353
Chen Q, Ni Y, He Z (2012) Using cationic polymers to improve alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) sizing efficiency in high-yield pulp containing furnish. BioResources 7(3):3948–3959
Furo I, Daicic J (1999) NMR cryoporometry: a novel method for the investigation of the pore structure of paper and paper coatings. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 14(3):221–225
Gong B, Liu W, Chen X, Tan H, Zhang X, Wang H, Yu D, Li G, Song Z (2017) Stabilizing alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) emulsions with starch nanocrystals and fluorescent carbon dots. Carbohyd Polym 165:13–21
Guan M, An X, Liu H (2019) Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as a versatile filler for the preparation of bamboo pulp based tissue paper handsheets. Cellulose 26(4):2613–2624
Gunnarsson M (2012) Decreased wet strength in retorted liquid packaging board. Master of Science Thesis, Department of Chemical and Biological engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden
Kumar S, Chauhan V, Chakrabarti S (2016) Separation and analysis techniques for bound and unbound alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) in paper: a review. Arab J Chem 9(2):S1636–S1642
Kumar A, Bhardwaj N, Singh S (2018) Sizing performance of alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) emulsion stabilized by polyvinylamine macromolecules. Colloid Surf A 539:132–139
Li H, Ni Y (2001) Sizing behaviour of BCTMP at neutral to alkaline pH - Good results are possible with a combination of alum and PAE, or PEI alone. Pulp Pap Can 102(6):45–48
Li H, Ni Y, Sain M (2002a) Characterization of BCTMP fines and their effect on sizing. Tappi J 1(7):3–7
Li H, Ni Y, Sain M (2002b) The presence of dissolved and colloidal substances in BCTMP and their effect on sizing. J Pulp Pap Sci 28(2):45–49
Lin L, Jorge H (2005) Analysis and modelling of wicking through carton liquid packaging. Anal Chim Acta 552(1–2):218–225
Lindberg L (2000) Papermaking science and technology—important new series complete. Pap Puu-Pap Tim 82(7):434–435
Liu W, Chen Z, Duan H (2006) Sizing behavior of cationic dispersed rosin-ester on cellulose fibers. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 21(5):586–590
Liu W, Liu H, Chen M, Xia W (2008) Sizing performance and molecular orientation of dispersed cationic rosin-ester. Appita J 61(5):387–390
Liu H, Chen Y, Zhang H, Yuan Z, Zou X, Zhou Y, Ni Y (2012) Increasing the use of high-yield pulp in coated high-quality wood-free papers: from laboratory demonstration to mill trials. Ind Eng Chem Res 51(11):4240–4246
Liu H, Wang Y, Yuan Z, Zou X, Zhou Y, Ni Y (2014) Effect of using a high high-yield pulp (HYP) substitution (40%) on printability and print quality of coated wood free papers-A comparison of commercial prints and lab printed samples. Colloid Surf A 452:154–158
Lu Z, An X, Zhang H, Guan M, Liu J, Sun Y, Nie S, Cao H, Lu B, Liu H (2019) Study on the wet-web strength and pressability of paper sheet during the press process with the addition of nano-fibrillated cellulose (NFC). Carbohyd Polym 210:332–338
Lu Z, An X, Zhang H, Liu L, Dai H, Cao H, Lu B, Liu H (2020) Cationic cellulose nano-fibers (CCNF) as versatile flocculants of wood pulp for high wet web performance. Carbohyd Polym 229:115434
Manda B, Blok K, Patel M (2012) Innovations in papermaking: an LCA of printing and writing paper from conventional and high yield pulp. Sci Total Environ 439:307–320
Mobley B, Ayer S, Adkins T, Boone S, Fotie J (2018) Highly hydrophobic N-alkylmaleimide and succinic anhydride derivatives of anthracene as potential sizing agents for the paper industry. Cell Chem Technol 52(3–4):299–310
Okuda T, Ozaki Y, Isogai A (2009) Influence of paper stock temperature on aluminium sulfate/rosin sizing. Appita J 62(5):365–370
Rahmaninia M, Javid E, Varshoei A (2016) Process variables and the performance of cationic rosin as an internal sizing agent in recycled corrugated container pulp. BioResources 11(2):5333–5342
Tajik M, Torshizi HJ, Resalati H, Hamzeh Y (2018) Effects of cationic starch in the presence of cellulose nanofibrils on structural, optical and strength properties of paper from soda bagasse pulp. Carbohyd Polym 194:1–8
Tufvesson H, Lindstrom T (2007) The effect of sizing and paper structure on paperboard for retortable packaging. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 22(2):200–209
Wang Y, Ni J, Chen C, Peng J, Liu H (2014) Anionic trash control in High-yield Pulp (HYP) containing furnish by using a poly-DADMAC based commercial formulation. J Ind Eng Chem 20(6):4452–4456
Wang L, Luo L, Yan X, Wang D (2015) Effect of fixing agents on the amount of wet end chemicals adsorbed onto a bleached chemithermomechanical pulp. Cell Chem Technol 49(3–4):361–367
Wiklund H, Uesaka T (2012) Edge-wicking: micro-fluidics of two-dimensional liquid penetration into porous structures. Nord Pulp Pap Res J 27(2):403–408
Xu L, Myers J, Hart P (2016) How to use alum with cationic dispersed rosin size. Tappi J 15(5):331–335
Zhang H, Kannangara D, Hilder M, Ettl R, Shen W (2007) The role of vapour deposition in the hydrophobization treatment of cellulose fibres using alkyl ketene dimers and alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides. Colloid Surf A 297(1–3):203–210
Zhang H, Hu H, He Z, Ni Y (2009) Highly substituted cationic starch as an anionic trash catcher for high-yield pulp. Tappi J 8(7):31–36
Zhang H, Yuan Z, Ni Y (2011) Energy saving potential of high yield pulp (HYP) application by addition of small amounts of bleached wheat straw pulp. Holzforschung 65(1):29–34
Zou Y, Hsieh J, Wang T, Mehnert E, Kokoszka J (2004) The mechanism of premixing rosin sizes neutral-alkaline papermaking. Tappi J 3(9):16–18
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Plan (Grant 2017YFB0307902), the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (Grant: 19JCQNJC05400), the State Scholarship Fund for Post-Doctoral Fellow (PDF) from China Scholarship Council (CSC) (Grant: 201908120087), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 31670589), the basic scientific research operation foundation of Tianjin University of Science and Technology (Grant: 000040186), the research fund of Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp & Paper, China (Grant: 201806), the research fund of Zhejiang Jing Xing Paper Joint Stock Co., Ltd (Grant: 21843), and the Opening Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Nanning 530004, P.R. China (Grant: KF201815-4).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, F., Wang, L., An, X. et al. Improving sizing performance of middle layer of liquid packaging board containing high-yield pulp. Cellulose 27, 4707–4719 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03081-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03081-1