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Phototoxic effects of commercial photographic flash lamp on rat eyes

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Abstract

Background

To determine whether exposure of the cornea and retina of rats to flashes from a commercial photographic flash lamp is phototoxic.

Methods

Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed to 10, 100, or 1,000 flashes of the OPTICAM 16M photographic flash lamp (Fujikoeki, Japan) placed 0.1, 1, or 3 m from the eyes. Corneal damage was assessed by a fluorescein staining score, and the retinal damage by eletroretinography (ERG) and histology before and 24 h after exposure.

Results

Exposure of the eyes to 1,000 flashes at 0.1 m increased the fluorescein staining score significantly (P = 0.009, the Mann–Whitney test). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the cornea showed a detachment of the epithelial cells from the surface after this exposure. The amplitude of the a-wave was decreased significantly by 23.0% (P = 0.026) of the amplitude before the exposure, and the b-wave by 19.7% (P = 0.0478) following 1,000 flashes at 0.1 m but not by the other exposures. TUNEL-positive cells were present in the outer nuclear layer only after the extreme exposure, but no significant decrease in retinal thickness was seen under any condition. The fluorescein staining score and ERGs recovered to control levels within 1 week.

Conclusions

Light exposure to a photographic flash lamp does not induce damage to the cornea and retina except when they are exposed to 1,000 flashes at 0.1 m.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the research grant by Fuji Film Corporation, Tokyo, Japan. The authors would like to acknowledge the technical assistance of T. Nagai with electron microscopy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan

    Makoto Inoue, Kei Shinoda & Hisao Ohde

  2. Laboratory of Visual Physiology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

    Kei Shinoda

  3. FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo, Japan

    Keiji Tezuka

  4. Kyorin Eye Center, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan

    Tetsuo Hida

Authors
  1. Makoto Inoue
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  2. Kei Shinoda
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  3. Hisao Ohde
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  4. Keiji Tezuka
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  5. Tetsuo Hida
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Correspondence to Makoto Inoue.

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Inoue, M., Shinoda, K., Ohde, H. et al. Phototoxic effects of commercial photographic flash lamp on rat eyes. Doc Ophthalmol 113, 155–164 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10633-006-9024-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10633-006-9024-y

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