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Residues of fluoroquinolones in marine aquaculture environment of the Pearl River Delta, South China

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Abstract

Concentrations and distributions of selected fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin) in water, sediments and nine kinds of fish species collected from 6 sites in two marine aquaculture regions of the Pearl River Delta, China, were analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC). The results showed that the concentrations of ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin were below the limits of quantification (LOQ) in all water samples except for norfloxacin. Norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations ranged from 1.88 to 11.20 ng g−1 dry wt, 0.76–2.42 ng g−1 dry wt in sediments collected from the Dapeng’ao region (sites 1–3) and ranged from 2.31 to 4.75 ng g−1 dry wt, 1.26–1.76 ng g−1 dry wt in sediments collected from the Hailing Island region (sites 4–6), respectively. However, no enrofloxacin was found in all sediment samples. The three fluoroquinolones (FQs) were detected in all fish samples, and the concentrations were higher in liver tissues than those in muscle tissues. The levels of norfloxacin were higher than ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin in both liver and muscle tissues. Among the nine marine fish species, Siganus fuscescens from Hailing Island had a significantly high level of norfloxacin in liver tissue (254.58 ng g−1 wet wt), followed by Sparus macrocephalus (133.15 ng g−1 wet wt) from Dapeng’ao, and the lowest value was Lutianus argentimaculatus (5.18 ng g−1 wet wt) from Hailing Island. The obtained results of FQs in present study do not represent a risk to the human health in Guangdong coastal area, based on the maximum residue limits (MRLs) established by Chinese Government and the acceptable daily intake (ADI) recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization (FAO/WHO).

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: U0633006, 40471118, 40976072) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China

    Xiuting He, Zhaohui Wang, Xiangping Nie, Yufen Yang, Zhang Cheng & Yongtao Yang

  2. Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Minister of Education, Guangzhou, 510632, China

    Xiuting He, Zhaohui Wang, Xiangping Nie, Yufen Yang, Zhang Cheng & Yongtao Yang

  3. Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China

    Debo Pan, Kaibin Li & Kunci Chen

  4. Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China

    Anna O. W. Leung

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  1. Xiuting He
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Correspondence to Xiangping Nie or Kunci Chen.

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He, X., Wang, Z., Nie, X. et al. Residues of fluoroquinolones in marine aquaculture environment of the Pearl River Delta, South China. Environ Geochem Health 34, 323–335 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-011-9420-4

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