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The influence of nutrient loading, climate and water depth on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in shallow lakes: a pan-European mesocosm experiment

  • SHALLOW LAKES
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Abstract

Losses of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) have important influences on in-lake concentrations and nutrient loading to downstream ecosystems. We performed a series of mesocosm experiments along a latitudinal gradient from Sweden to Greece to investigate the factors influencing N and P loss under different climatic conditions. In six countries, a standardised mesocosm experiment with two water depths and two nutrient levels was conducted concurrently between May and November 2011. Our results showed external nutrient loading to be of key importance for N and P loss in all countries. Almost all dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) were lost or taken up in biomass in all mesocosms. We found no consistent effect of temperature on DIN and SRP loss but a significant, though weak, negative effect of temperature on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loss in the deeper mesocosms, probably related to higher organic N and P accumulation in the water in the warmer countries. In shallow mesocosms, a positive trend in TN and TP loss with increasing temperature was observed, most likely related to macrophyte growth.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by FP7/ENV-2009-1 under grant agreement 244121 (REFRESH project), the Middle East Technical University, METU-BAP programme of Turkey (BAP-07-02-2009), TÜBİTAK (Project no: 105Y332 and 110Y125), the MARS project (Managing Aquatic ecosystems and water Resources under multiple Stress) funded under the 7th EU Framework Programme, Theme 6 (Environment including Climate Change), Contract No.: 603378 (http://www.mars-project.eu) and the Danish projects CIRCE, CRES and CLEAR (a Villum Kann Rasmussen Centre of Excellence project). JC was supported by TÜBİTAK 2215 Scholarship Programme. We acknowledge Ms. Christiane Herzog (Department of Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry of IGB) and Kurt Pettersson (Erken laboratory) for meteorological data collection. We are thankful to Anne Mette Poulsen for proofreading the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Middle East Technical University, Universiteler Mahallesi, Dumlupinar Bulvarı, No. 1, 06800, Ankara, Turkey

    Jan Coppens, Şeyda Erdoğan & Meryem Beklioğlu

  2. Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

    Josef Hejzlar & Michal Šorf

  3. Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

    Michal Šorf

  4. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark

    Erik Jeppesen & Saara Olsen

  5. Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Erik Jeppesen & Saara Olsen

  6. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Bozok University, 66900, Yozgat, Turkey

    Şeyda Erdoğan

  7. Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Germany

    Ulrike Scharfenberger

  8. Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Ulrike Scharfenberger

  9. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, 71524, Egypt

    Aldoushy Mahdy

  10. Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 61117, Rannu vald, Tartumaa, Estonia

    Peeter Nõges & Arvo Tuvikene

  11. Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Didier L. Baho & Cristina Trigal

  12. Species Information Center, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7007, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Cristina Trigal

  13. Department of Biology, University of Patras, University Campus, 26504, Rio, Greece

    Eva Papastergiadou & Kostas Stefanidis

  14. Kemal Kurdaş¸ Ecological Research and Training Stations, Lake Eymir, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey

    Meryem Beklioğlu

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  1. Jan Coppens
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Correspondence to Jan Coppens or Meryem Beklioğlu.

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Guest editors: M. Beklioğlu, M. Meerhoff, T. A. Davidson, K. A. Ger, K. E. Havens & B. Moss / Shallow Lakes in a Fast Changing World

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Coppens, J., Hejzlar, J., Šorf, M. et al. The influence of nutrient loading, climate and water depth on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in shallow lakes: a pan-European mesocosm experiment. Hydrobiologia 778, 13–32 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2505-9

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