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Vanillin Attenuates Cadmium-Induced Lung Injury Through Inhibition of Inflammation and Lung Barrier Dysfunction Through Activating AhR

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Abstract

Vanillin, the main constituents of vanillin beans, has been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of vanillin on the cadmium-induced lung injury are still unclear. Therefore, we assay whether vanillin has potential preventive activity on cadmium-induced lung injury in mice. Mice were given vanillin (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) and treated with cadmium for 7 days. The detection data of vanillin on lung tissue changes were analyzed after the cadmium treatment. The results displayed that vanillin obviously decreased the lung histological alterations and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Vanillin also suppressed the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in BALF. Furthermore, vanillin prevented cadmium-induced NF-κB activation and upregulation the expression of tight junction protein ZO-1 and occludin. In addition, vanillin significantly increased the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and inhibition of AhR by its agonist could reverse the protective effects of vanillin on cadmium-induced lung injury. To sum up, vanillin could be a potential drug for the treatment of cadmium-induced lung injury.

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Availability of Data and Materials

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Author notes

  1. Xueshibojie Liu and Jinghui Yang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China

    Xueshibojie Liu, Jinqiu Li & Chengbi Xu

  2. Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China

    Jinghui Yang

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China

    Wei Jiang

Authors
  1. Xueshibojie Liu
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  2. Jinghui Yang
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  3. Jinqiu Li
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  4. Chengbi Xu
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  5. Wei Jiang
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Contributions

Xueshibojie Liu, Wei Jiang, and Chengbi Xu designed the experiment; Xueshibojie Liu, Jinghui Yang, Jinqiu Li, and Wei Jiang did the experiment; Chengbi Xu analyzed the data; Xueshibojie Liu wrote the paper; Wei Jiang and Jinqiu Li revised the paper.

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Correspondence to Wei Jiang.

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All the experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Jilin University. All authors consent to participate this research.

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Liu, X., Yang, J., Li, J. et al. Vanillin Attenuates Cadmium-Induced Lung Injury Through Inhibition of Inflammation and Lung Barrier Dysfunction Through Activating AhR. Inflammation 44, 2193–2202 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-021-01492-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-021-01492-1

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