Abstract
We first propose a three-party semi-quantum summation protocol with an almost-dishonest third party (TP) using single photons. TP who has full quantum power helps three classical users compute the summation of their private bit strings while the privacy of their inputs is preserved. For a particle from TP, three users’ operations are limited either to (1) reflect the particle without disturbance back to TP or to (2) measure the particle in the Z basis and resend the measured particle back to TP. We also show that our protocol is secure against both outside and participant attacks.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61902132, 11647140, and 61872152), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. 2021A1515011985), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (Grant No. 2018A030310147), the Shenzhen Polytechnic Youth Innovation Project (Grant Nos. 6019310010K0 and 6019310007K0), and the Shenzhen Technical Project (No. JCYJ20190809152003992).
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Zhang, C., Huang, Q., Long, Y. et al. Secure Three-Party Semi-quantum Summation Using Single Photons. Int J Theor Phys 60, 3478–3487 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-021-04921-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-021-04921-x