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Color vision deficiency in a middle-aged population: the Shahroud Eye Study

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of color vision defects in the middle-age population of Shahroud, Iran. We selected 6,311 people from the 40- to 64-year-old population through random cluster sampling. Color vision testing was performed with the Farnsworth D-15. Cases with similar and symmetric results in both eyes were classified as hereditary, and those with asymmetric results were considered acquired. Cases that did not conform to standard patterns were classified as unknown category. Of 5,190 respondents (response rate 82.2 %), 5,102 participants underwent the color vision test. Of these, 14.7 % (95 % confidence interval 13.7–15.6) had some type of color vision deficiency. Of the 2,157 male participants, 6.2 % were hereditary and 10.2 % were acquired and of the 2,945 female participants, 3.1 % were hereditary and 10 % were acquired. Hereditary color deficiencies were mostly of the deutan form (63.8 %), and acquired deficiencies were mostly tritan (66.1 %). The prevalence of hereditary and acquired color vision deficiency, as well as different types of red–green and blue–yellow color vision defects significantly increased with age (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the pattern of color vision defects among the middle-aged population of Shahroud was significantly different from that seen in the younger population. This could be due to changes associated with age, gender, medical and ocular conditions, and differences in race and environment. Thus, results of previous examinations and the overall health status should be considered before making any judgment about the status of color vision in middle-aged people.

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by Noor Ophthalmology Research Center and Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Optometry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur

  2. Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran

    Hassan Hashemi, Mehdi Khabazkhoob & Shiva Mehravaran

  3. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran

    Mohammad Hassan Emamian

  4. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Shariati

  5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Akbar Fotouhi

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  1. Ebrahim Jafarzadehpur
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  2. Hassan Hashemi
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Correspondence to Akbar Fotouhi.

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Jafarzadehpur, E., Hashemi, H., Emamian, M.H. et al. Color vision deficiency in a middle-aged population: the Shahroud Eye Study. Int Ophthalmol 34, 1067–1074 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-014-9911-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-014-9911-2

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