Abstract
A coherence-based earthquake detection technique was applied to continuous (1 year) waveform data recorded along the Irpinia fault system (Southern Italy). The earthquake detection was performed using coherent P- and S-wave arrivals recorded by the dense seismic network operating in Irpinia and assuming a local velocity model. We applied a strategy to simultaneously detect and locate earthquakes and to discriminate among true and false detections using an automated and fast procedure, able to process 1 year of data in ~ 1.75 days. The final catalogue of automatically retrieved earthquakes shows a performance improvement with respect to the standard monitoring practices, with an increase in the number of detected small events of about a factor three with respect to the automatic Earth-worm Binder implemented in ISNet and decreases in completeness magnitude of almost half unit magnitude.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adinolfi GM, De Matteis R, Orefice A, Festa G, Zollo A, de Nardis R, Lavecchia G (2015) The September 27, 2012, ML 4.1, Benevento earthquake: a case of strike-slip faulting in southern Apennines (Italy). Tectonophysics 660:35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2015.06.036
Adinolfi GM, Cesca S, Picozzi M, Heimann S, Zollo A (2019) Detection of weak seismic sequences based on arrival time coherence and empiric network detectability: an application at a near fault observatory. Geophys J Int 218(3):2054–2065. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz248
Amoroso O, Russo G, De Landro G, Zollo A, Garambois S, Mazzoli S et al (2017) From velocity and attenuation tomography to rock physical modeling: inferences on fluid-driven earthquake processes at the Irpinia fault system in southern Italy. Geophys Res Lett 44(13):6752–6760. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GL072346
Aki K (1965) Maximum likelihood estimate of b in the formula log N= a-bM and its confidence limits. Bull Earthq Res Inst, Tokyo Univ 43:237–239
Bernard P, Zollo A (1989) The Irpinia (Italy) 1980 earthquake: detailed analysis of a complex normal faulting. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 94(B2):1631–1647. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB02p01631
Bobbio A, Vassallo M, Festa G (2009) Local magnitude estimation for the Irpinia seismic network. Bull Seismol Soc Am 99:2461–2470. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120080364
Cesca S, & Grigoli F (2015) Full waveform seismological advances for microseismic monitoring. In Advances in Geophysics(Vol. 56, pp. 169-228). Elsevier https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.agph.2014.12.002
Cocco M, Chiarabba C, Di Bona M, Selvaggi G, Margheriti L, Frepoli A et al (1999) The April 1996 Irpinia seismic sequence: evidence for fault interaction. J Seismol 3(1):105–117. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009771817737
De Landro G, Amoroso O, Stabile TA, Matrullo E, Lomax A, Zollo A (2015) High-precision differential earthquake location in 3-D models: evidence for a rheological barrier controlling the microseismicity at the Irpinia fault zone in southern Apennines. Geophys J Int 203(3):1821–1831. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggv397
De Matteis R, Matrullo E, Rivera L, Stabile TA, Pasquale G, Zollo A (2012) Fault delineation and regional stress direction from the analysis of background microseismicity in the southern Apennines, Italy. Bull Seismol Soc Am 102(4):1899–1907. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120110225
Dietz L (2002) Notes on configuring binder_ew: Earthworm’s phase associator
DISS Working group (2018) Database of individual seismogenic sources (DISS), version 3.2.1: a compilation of potential sources for earthquakes larger than M 5.5 in Italy and surrounding areas. http://diss.rm.ingv.it/diss/, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia; https://doi.org/10.6092/INGV.IT-DISS3.2.1
Ekström G (2006) Global detection and location of seismic sources by using surface waves. Bull Seismol Soc Am 96(4A):1201–1212. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120050175
Gajewski D, Tessmer E (2005) Reverse modelling for seismic event characterization. Geophys J Int 163(1):276–284. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02732.x
Gharti HN, Oye V, Roth M, Kühn D (2010) Automated microearthquake location using envelope stacking and robust global optimization automated microearthquake location. Geophysics 75(4):MA27–MA46. https://doi.org/10.1190/1.3432784
Grigoli F, Cesca S, Amoroso O, Emolo A, Zollo A, Dahm T (2013) Automated seismic event location by waveform coherence analysis. Geophys J Int 196(3):1742–1753. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt477
Grigoli F, Scarabello L, Böse M, Weber B, Wiemer S, Clinton JF (2018) Pick-and waveform-based techniques for real-time detection of induced seismicity. Geophys J Int 213(2):868–884. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy019
Gutenberg B, Richter CF (1942) Earthquake magnitude, intensity, energy, and acceleration. Bull Seismol Soc Am 32(3):163–191
Heimann S, Kriegerowski M, Isken M, Cesca S, Daout S, Grigoli F, Juretzek C, Megies T, Nooshiri N, Steinberg A, Sudhaus H, Vasyura-Bathke H, Willey T, Dahm T (2017) Pyrocko - an open-source seismology toolbox and library. GFZ Data Services, Potsdam. https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.1.2017.001
Johnson SC (1967) Hierarchical clustering schemes. Psychometrika 32(3):241–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289588
Kao H, Shan SJ (2007) Rapid identification of earthquake rupture plane using source-scanning algorithm. Geophys J Int 168(3):1011–1020. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03271.x
Klein FW (2003) The HYPOINVERSE2000 earthquake location program. Int Geophys 81:1619–1620. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0074-6142(03)80287-5
Krüger F, Ohrnberger M (2005) Tracking the rupture of the M w= 9.3 Sumatra earthquake over 1,150 km at teleseismic distance. Nature 435(7044):937. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03696
López-Comino JA, Cesca S, Heimann S, Grigoli F, Milkereit C, Dahm T, Zang A (2017) Characterization of hydraulic fractures growth during the Äspö hard rock laboratory experiment (Sweden). Rock Mech Rock Eng 50(11):2985–3001. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-017-1285-0
Matos C, Heimann S, Grigoli F, Cesca S, & Custódio S (2016) Seismicity of a slow deforming environment: Alentejo, South Portugal. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts(Vol. 18, p. 278)
Matrullo E, De Matteis R, Satriano C, Amoroso O, Zollo A (2013) An improved 1-D seismic velocity model for seismological studies in the Campania–Lucania region (southern Italy). Geophys J Int 195(1):460–473. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggt224
McMechan GA (1982) Determination of source parameters by wavefield extrapolation. Geophys J Int 71(3):613–628. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1982.tb02788.x
Maercklin N, Festa G, Colombelli S, Zollo A (2012) Twin ruptures grew to build up the giant 2011 Tohoku, Japan, earthquake. Sci Rep 2:709. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00709
Picozzi M, Bindi D, Zollo A, Festa G, Spallarossa D (2019) Detecting long-lasting transients of earthquake activity on a fault system by monitoring apparent stress, ground motion and clustering. Sci Rep 9:16268–16211. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-52756-8
Rubinstein JL, Beroza GC (2007) Full waveform earthquake location: application to seismic streaks on the Calaveras fault, California. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 112(B5). https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JB004463
Stabile TA, Iannaccone G, Zollo A, Lomax A, Ferulano MF, Vetri MLV, Barzaghi LP (2013) A comprehensive approach for evaluating network performance in surface and borehole seismic monitoring. Geophys J Int 192(2):793–806. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggs049
Stabile TA, Satriano C, Orefice A, Festa G, & Zollo A (2012) Anatomy of a microearthquake sequence on an active normal fault. Scientific reports, 2(1), Art N 410, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep00410
Wassermann J (1997) Locating the sources of volcanic explosions and volcanic tremor at Stromboli volcano (Italy) using beam-forming on diffraction hyperboloids. Phys Earth Planet Inter 104(1–3):271–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9201(97)00041-1
Weber E, Iannaccone G, Zollo A, Bobbio A, Cantore L, Corciulo M et al (2007) Development and testing of an advanced monitoring infrastructure (ISNet) for seismic early-warning applications in the Campania region of southern Italy, In Earthquake Early Warning Systems (pp. 325–341). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72241-0_16
Wiemer S (2001) A software package to analyze seismicity: ZMAP. Seismol Res Lett 72(3):373–382. https://doi.org/10.1785/gssrl.72.3.373
Withers M, Aster R, Young C (1999) An automated local and regional seismic event detection and location system using waveform correlation. Bull Seismol Soc Am 89(3):657–669
Zeng X, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang H, Zhang Y, Liu Q (2014) Surface microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing of a shale-gas reservoir using short-period and broadband seismic sensors. Seismol Res Lett 85(3):668–677. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220130197
Acknowledgments
We thank the Editor T. A. Stabile and three anonymous reviewers for their comments which helped us in improving the manuscript. This work has been supported by the Italian Ministry for Economic Development (MiSE), Directorate-General for Mineral and Energy Resources, within a program agreement with the University of Naples “Federico II.”
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
ESM1
(PDF 810 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Adinolfi, G.M., Picozzi, M., Cesca, S. et al. An application of coherence-based method for earthquake detection and microseismic monitoring (Irpinia fault system, Southern Italy). J Seismol 24, 979–989 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-020-09914-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-020-09914-7