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Heat transfer of water-based carbon nanotube nanofluids in the shell and tube cooling heat exchangers of the gasoline product of the residue fluid catalytic cracking unit

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Abstract

In this study, a series of low-concentration carbon nanotubes (CNT) water-based nanofluids (0.0055, 0.055, 0.111 and 0.278 vol%) were used as coolants in a shell and tube cooler of the residue fluid catalytic cracking gasoline product to analyze their effects on heat performance of the heat exchanger. The coolants and gasoline flow in tube side and shell side, respectively. This work was performed through simulating the heat exchanger by ASPEN HTFS+ 7.3 software. The performance of the nanofluids to heat transfer was analyzed in comparison with cooling water. Results illustrated that 0.055% CNT concentration could enhance heat transfer properties of the heat exchanger such as Nusselt number, total heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer rate more than other concentrations. Therefore, the lowest temperature of outlet shell-side fluid was also observed at this concentration. Moreover, increment in mass flow rates of both the tube-side and shell-side fluids caused enhancement of the heat transfer, especially with 0.055 vol% CNT. Although there is an optimum concentration among the studied CNT volume fractions, all nanofluids exhibit better thermal performance of the heat exchanger than cooling water, whereas pressure drop increases with CNT loading.

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Abbreviations

A t :

Flow area of tube side (m2)

A s :

Total heat transfer area of tube outside (m2)

A cf :

Area of cross-flow (m2)

C min :

Minimum specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

C p :

Fluid specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

C μ :

Viscosity improvement coefficient

d i :

Inner tube diameter (m)

d o :

Outside tube diameter (m)

D e :

Equivalent diameter (m)

h ss :

Convection heat transfer coefficient for shell-side fluid (W m−2 K−1)

h nf :

Convection heat transfer coefficient for nanofluid (W m−2 K−1)

h hot :

Convection heat transfer coefficient for hot fluid (W m−2 K−1)

k nf :

Thermal conduction for nanofluid (W m−1 K−1)

k :

Thermal conduction for shell-side fluid (W m−1 K−1)

k w :

Thermal conduction for tube (W m−1 K−1)

m nf :

Nanofluid mass flow rate (kg s−1)

m ss :

Shell-side fluid mass flow rate (kg s−1)

Nu nf :

Nusselt number of nanofluid

Pr nf :

Prandtl number of nanofluid

Pr ss :

Prandtl number of shell side

f :

Friction factor

q :

Heat transfer rate (kW)

T hi :

Hot fluid outlet temperature (°C)

T ci :

Cold fluid outlet temperature (°C)

Re ss :

Shell-side fluid Reynolds number

Re nf :

Nanofluid Reynolds number

U :

Total heat transfer coefficient(W m−2 K−1)

μ nf :

Nanofluid viscosity (mPa s)

μ bf :

Base fluid viscosity (mPa s)

μ ss :

Shell-side fluid viscosity (mPa s)

\(\varphi\) :

Nanoparticle volume fraction

∆TLMTD :

Log mean temperature difference (°C)

\(\varepsilon\) :

Effectiveness of heat exchanger

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical and Process Engineering Department of the RFCC Unit, Arak Oil Refining Company, Arak, Iran

    S. Masoud Hosseini & S. Hadi Jafarnia

  2. Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Mohammad Reza Safaei

  3. Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Mohammad Reza Safaei

  4. Univ Rennes, LGCGM, EA3913, F-35000, Rennes, France

    Patrice Estellé

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  1. S. Masoud Hosseini
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  2. Mohammad Reza Safaei
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  3. Patrice Estellé
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  4. S. Hadi Jafarnia
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Correspondence to Patrice Estellé.

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Masoud Hosseini, S., Safaei, M.R., Estellé, P. et al. Heat transfer of water-based carbon nanotube nanofluids in the shell and tube cooling heat exchangers of the gasoline product of the residue fluid catalytic cracking unit. J Therm Anal Calorim 140, 351–362 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08813-5

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