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Ovariectomized rodents as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model. A minireview

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Abstract

Bilateral ovariectomy is the best characterized and the most reported animal model of human menopause. Ovariectomized rodents develop insulin resistance (IR) and visceral obesity, the main risk factors in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MS). These alterations are a consequence of hypoestrogenic status, which produces an augment of visceral fat, high testosterone levels (hyperandrogenism), as well as inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolic complications, such as dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and endothelial dysfunction, among others. Clinical trials have reported that menopause per se increases the severity and incidence of MS, and causes the highest mortality due to cardiovascular disease in women. Despite all the evidence, there are no reports that clarify the influence of estrogenic deficiency as a cause of MS. In this review, we provide evidence that ovariectomized rodents can be used as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model for evaluating and discovering new, safe, and effective therapeutic approaches in the treatment of cardiometabolic complications associated to MS during menopause.

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Acknowledgements

JMLMC and JBV were postdoctoral fellows supported by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT). Authors thank PAPIIT, DGAPA, UNAM for Grant IN227116.

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  1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, 2do piso Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Torre de Investigación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico

    JML Medina-Contreras, R Villalobos-Molina, A Zarain-Herzberg & J Balderas-Villalobos

  2. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico

    JML Medina-Contreras & R Villalobos-Molina

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  1. JML Medina-Contreras
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  2. R Villalobos-Molina
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  3. A Zarain-Herzberg
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  4. J Balderas-Villalobos
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Correspondence to J Balderas-Villalobos.

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Medina-Contreras, J., Villalobos-Molina, R., Zarain-Herzberg, A. et al. Ovariectomized rodents as a menopausal metabolic syndrome model. A minireview. Mol Cell Biochem 475, 261–276 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-020-03879-4

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