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Climate change adaptation in coastal cities of developing countries: characterizing types of vulnerability and adaptation options

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Abstract

Facing the increasingly adverse impacts of climate change, many coastal cities in developing and least-developed countries have shaped their climate adaptation plan. This study aims to unpack the state-of-the-art municipal adaptation planning in developing countries. The paper seeks to understand the types of vulnerability and explore planned adaptation options through a content analysis of adaptation planning documents in 45 selected coastal cities in developing countries. The result shows the complexity of vulnerabilities that are not only climate change impacts, but more importantly, the socio-economic sensitivity, the insufficient infrastructure system, and limited adaptive capacity. Adaptation responses, correspondingly, address primarily current vulnerabilities rather than future climate change impacts. Local climate change adaptation in developing countries, therefore, cannot separate from socio-economic development and capacity enhancement. A coordination mechanism for inter-policy is necessary to manage the trade-offs between multiple priorities.

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  1. The ten most affected countries by natural hazards (1996–2015): Honduras, Myanmar, Haiti, Nicaragua, Philippines, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Vietnam, Guatemala, and Thailand. Source: Global Climate Risk Index 2017 https://germanwatch.org/de/download/16411.pdf (retrieved on 20th September 2018)

  2. The city of Hoi An (Vietnam) reports the severe coastal erosion at 10–20 m of shoreline eroded every year. Source: UN-Habitat, 2014, Hoi An, Vietnam: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment.

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  1. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA

    Tu Dam Ngoc Le

  2. Faculty of Architecture, Mien Trung University of Civil Engineering, Tuy Hoa, Phu Yen, Vietnam

    Tu Dam Ngoc Le

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Le, T.D.N. Climate change adaptation in coastal cities of developing countries: characterizing types of vulnerability and adaptation options. Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change 25, 739–761 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-019-09888-z

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