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In vitro antioxidant assessment, screening of enzyme inhibitory activities of methanol and water extracts and gene expression in Hypericum lydium

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Abstract

Hypericum lydium Boiss. is a perennial plant of the Hypericaceae family, which has been used in particular to treat depression. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial activities, anticholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase (AChE)/butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)), antidiabetic activities (α-glucosidase/α-amylase) and Tyrosinase inhibitor activity of methanol and water extracts of H. lydium. Also, gene expression has been evaluated in the shoot and root by microarray technology. So, in general, the purpose of this study is to study the active molecules such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, enzymes and genes in the plant, which is the first to be reported. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. In addition, gene expression was compared in the shoot and root parts. Expression profiling was carried out by microarrays. According to the results, the highest chemical components were determined in methanol extract rather than water extract. There was a difference between the obtained components. While the highest antioxidant activity was determined from the methanol extract of plant herbs for DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity, antioxidant activity was the same in both methanol and water extracts using the ABTS method. The methanol extract demonstrated stronger anticholinesterase (AChE and BChE) and α-amylase inhibition activity. This study was complemented by the detection of antioxidant activity and some enzyme inhibition activity in the methanol extract. Microarray showed 10,784 genes had significantly different expression in root and shoot. There was a positive effect of methanol extract in respect of different activities compared to the water extract. Gene expression showed that the number of expressed genes in the root was greater than the shoot.

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Abbreviations

AChE:

Acetylcholinesterase

BChE:

Butyrylcholinesterase

DM:

Diabetes mellitus

FDA:

Food and drug administration

GC–MS:

Gas chromatography mass spectrometry

DPPH:

2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

ABTS:

2,2′-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)

pNPG:

4-Nitrophenyl-β-d-glucuronide

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

DNS:

Dinitrosalicylic acid

BHT:

Butyrylhydroxytoluen

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey

    Nuraniye Eruygur

  2. Department of Crop and Animal Production, Sivas Vocational School, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey

    Esra Ucar

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey

    Hüseyin Aşkın Akpulat

  4. Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Researcher of Zagros Bioidea Company, Kermanshah, Iran

    Keyhan Shahsavari

  5. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Seyed Mehdi Safavi

  6. Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Danial Kahrizi

  7. Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Danial Kahrizi

Authors
  1. Nuraniye Eruygur
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  2. Esra Ucar
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  3. Hüseyin Aşkın Akpulat
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  4. Keyhan Shahsavari
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  5. Seyed Mehdi Safavi
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  6. Danial Kahrizi
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Contributions

NE: Execution research project, Data analysis, Manuscript preparation. EU: Experimental design, Data analysis, Manuscript preparation. HAA: Data analysis, proofreading of the article. KS: Experimental design, Data analysis, gene expression analysis. SMS: Data analysis, proofreading of the article, gene expression analysis. DK: Data analysis, gene expression analysis.

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Correspondence to Nuraniye Eruygur.

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This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

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Eruygur, N., Ucar, E., Akpulat, H.A. et al. In vitro antioxidant assessment, screening of enzyme inhibitory activities of methanol and water extracts and gene expression in Hypericum lydium. Mol Biol Rep 46, 2121–2129 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04664-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-019-04664-3

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