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Teachers’ content knowledge about oral language: measure development and evidence of initial validity

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Abstract

Efforts to improve classroom language practices and children’s language learning, as a means of supporting reading comprehension, may depend on teachers’ knowledge about language structures and language development. To date, however, educational researchers and teacher educators have little understanding about teachers’ knowledge about oral language. The current study reports on the development of the Teachers’ Content Knowledge of Oral Language Survey (TCKOLS), a measure designed to assess preservice and in-service early childhood teachers’ knowledge in this domain. The research team created the TCKOLS following a rigorous, iterative development process and conducted an initial pilot study with 32 preservice early childhood teachers and 26 pre-professional speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Findings support internal consistency and provide validity evidence for the measure. On average, preservice early childhood teachers correctly answered 69% of items and were particularly knowledgeable about vocabulary skills and development. As hypothesized, preservice early childhood teachers were less knowledgeable about oral language than pre-professional SLPs, and TCKOLS scores were significantly correlated with existing measures of vocabulary and morphological knowledge. Preservice teachers’ preparation to support children’s language learning, however, was not associated with their TCKOLS scores. The measure may be used in future research, to examine teachers’ knowledge about language across samples and contexts and as related to classroom practices and children’s learning, and to inform teacher preparation programs and professional development to better support such knowledge.

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Notes

  1. Note that we use the term listening comprehension, as opposed to Gough and Tunmer’s linguistic comprehension, as the former is typical of more recent literature (Foorman et al., 2015; Language and Reading Research Consortium, 2017).

  2. 2 Although the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) defines early childhood as those teachers working with children from birth through age 8, in the US state where our work with preservice teachers was undertaken, early childhood teachers are licensed for preschool through Grade 5.

  3. Noting that we did not emphasize phonology, given its emphasis in available measures assessing knowledge related to word recognition.

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This work was supported through a grant from University Institute for Teaching & Learning at The Ohio State University to Piasta and Hikida.

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  1. Department of Teaching and Learning, The Ohio State University, 201 Arps Hall, 1945 North High Street, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Shayne B. Piasta, Somin Park & Michiko Hikida

  2. Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA

    Shayne B. Piasta & Somin Park

  3. Department of Hearing and Speech, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, USA

    Mindy Sittner Bridges & Kelley Nelson-Strouts

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  1. Shayne B. Piasta
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Piasta, S.B., Bridges, M.S., Park, S. et al. Teachers’ content knowledge about oral language: measure development and evidence of initial validity. Read Writ 35, 2131–2153 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-021-10242-6

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