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BFCA+: automatic synthesis of parallel code with TLS capabilities

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Abstract

Parallelization of sequential applications requires extracting information about the loops and how their variables are accessed, and afterwards, augmenting the source code with extra code depending on such information. In this paper we propose a framework that avoids such an error-prone, time-consuming task. Our solution leverages the compile-time information extracted from the source code to classify all variables used inside each loop according to their accesses. Then, our system, called BFCA+, automatically instruments the source code with the necessary OpenMP directives and clauses to allow its parallel execution, using the standard shared and private clauses for variable classification. The framework is also capable of instrumenting loops for speculative parallelization, with the help of the ATLaS runtime system, that defines a new speculative clause to point out those variables that may lead to a dependency violation. As a result, the target loop is guaranteed to correctly run in parallel, ensuring that its execution follows sequential semantics even in the presence of dependency violations. Our experimental evaluation shows that the framework not only saves development time, but also leads to a faster code than the one manually parallelized.

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Notes

  1. Only well-formed for loops where the number of iterations are known at the beginning of the loop can be parallelized by the ATLaS framework. See [7] for additional details.

  2. The current version of BFCA\(+\) only transforms a single loop of the application to avoid the transformation of two nested loops, a situation not allowed by the ATLaS runtime system. We expect to overcome this limitation in the near future.

  3. Note that the manual transformation process is included to figure out which loop would be more profitable to be parallelized and then perform an in-depth analysis of the data elements being accessed inside the loop. This is an error-prone, time-consuming process that, for the benchmarks considered, took between 10 and 30 h.

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Acknowledgments

This research has been partially supported by MICINN (Spain) and ERDF program of the European Union: HomProg-HetSys project (TIN2014-58876-P), CAPAP-H5 network (TIN2014-53522-REDT), and COST Program Action IC1305: Network for Sustainable Ultrascale Computing (NESUS).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ETS Ingeniera Informtica, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo Beln 15, 47011, Valladolid, Spain

    Sergio Aldea, Diego R. Llanos & Arturo Gonzalez-Escribano

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  1. Sergio Aldea
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  2. Diego R. Llanos
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  3. Arturo Gonzalez-Escribano
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Correspondence to Diego R. Llanos.

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Aldea, S., Llanos, D.R. & Gonzalez-Escribano, A. BFCA+: automatic synthesis of parallel code with TLS capabilities. J Supercomput 73, 88–99 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11227-016-1623-0

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