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Using the Fuzzy Clustering and Principle Component Analysis for Assessing the Impact of Potential Evapotranspiration Calculation Method On the Modified RDI Index

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Abstract

The modified reconnaissance drought index (RDIe) which is a modified version of RDI is presented for assessing drought conditions with an emphasis on agricultural drought. The potential evapotranspiration (PET) and effective rainfall are required climatic variables to calculate RDIe. Although the FAO Penman–Monteith (FPM) equation is the reference method for determining the PET, due to the need for data of a large number of climatic variables it is difficult to use in areas with shortage climatic data. Therefore, in this research, using the fuzzy clustering (FC) and principle component analysis (PCA) methods, the influence of PET calculation methods including FPM (used as reference method), FAO Penman (FP), Hargreaves-Samani (HS), Blaney-Criddle (BC), Turc (Tu), Jensen-Haise (JH), Priestley–Taylor (PT) and FAO24 Radiation (Ra) methods on the RDIe (in 1, 3 and 12-month time scales) was assessed. In this study the climatic data series of 5 stations in Fars province, Iran from 1989 to 2018 was used. Based on the results of PCA model, in short-term time scales (1 and 3-month), the calculated RDIe values based on the HS method (at 100% of stations) and in long-term time scale (annual) based on the FP method (at 60% of stations) had the highest correlation with RDIe based on the FPM method. According to the results of FC method, in 1-month time scale, the values of RDIe using PT and HS methods (at 100% and 80% of selected stations, respectively), in 3-month time scale, the values of RDIe using PT, HS and Ra methods (at 100% of stations) and in annual time scale, the values of RDIe using FP method (at 60% of stations) had the highest similarities with the values of RDIe using FPM. Therefore, it is recommended to replace the FPM method with HS (in 1 and 3-month time scales) and FP (in 12-month time scales) methods in areas with minimum available meteorological data.

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Acknowledgements

The authors of this paper would like to thank Fars meteorological organization for providing the climatic data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Associate professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management (Nature Engineering), College of Agricultural Science, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran

    Abdol Rassoul Zarei

  2. Department of Statistics, College of Science, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran

    Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi

  3. Department of Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Science, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran

    Ali Shabani

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  1. Abdol Rassoul Zarei
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  2. Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi
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  3. Ali Shabani
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Contributions

The participation of Abdol Rassoul Zarei and Ali shabani in the article includes data collection, data evaluation, assistance in analyzing the results and writing the article, the participation of Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi includes Programming and implementation of statistical models.

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Correspondence to Abdol Rassoul Zarei.

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Zarei, A.R., Mahmoudi, M.R. & Shabani, A. Using the Fuzzy Clustering and Principle Component Analysis for Assessing the Impact of Potential Evapotranspiration Calculation Method On the Modified RDI Index. Water Resour Manage 35, 3679–3702 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-021-02910-7

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