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Assessment of Human Induced Potentially Toxic Metal Aggregation and Decadal Change in Sediment Quality of River Hooghly: Implications to the Usage of Pneumatophores as a Potential Bio-indicator and Phytoremediator

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Abstract

Mangrove sediment acts as a natural accumulator of potentially toxic metals (PTMs). Here, we have investigated the efficiency of mangrove species, e.g., Sonneratia caseolaris and Avicennia officinalis phytoremediation potential in a globally significant vulnerable river. The lower pH and anoxic conditions facilitate the elevated accumulation of PTMs in river Hooghly. The presence of PTMs in fine sediment fraction in greater proportion indicates a larger role of fine-grained silt and clay particles in the accumulation process. The estimated sediment quality indices indicate no significant change in the last 30 years. However, the ecotoxicological indices suggest a low level of ecological risks but can turn toxic because of the gradual accumulation of metals. The accumulations of PTMs in mangroves are regulated by the metal bio-availability. The result emphasizes mangrove pneumatophores, as a greater accumulator of PTMs than mangrove leaves. Higher translocation factors also indicate the applicability of mangroves as a phytoremediator of contaminated sediment.

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Data Availability

The data generated during this study can be obtained upon request to the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the University of Calcutta and CU-UPE facility for providing instrumental and infrastructural facilities for the research work.

Funding

The work was supported by the Scientific and Engineering Research Board (SR/FT/LS-155/2011 dated 25.04.2013), Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, in University of Calcutta.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Somdeep Ghosh, Madhurima Bakshi, Shouvik Mahanty & Punarbasu Chaudhuri

  2. Department of Environmental Studies, Maharaja Srischandra College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Somdeep Ghosh

  3. Department of Environmental Studies, Seth Soorajmull Jalan Girls’ College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Madhurima Bakshi

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  1. Somdeep Ghosh
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  2. Madhurima Bakshi
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Somdeep Ghosh: writing—original draft preparation, analysis, data curation, software; Madhurima Bakshi: analysis, reviewing and editing; Shouvik Mahanty: software; Punarbasu Chaudhuri: supervision, fund.

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Correspondence to Punarbasu Chaudhuri.

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Ghosh, S., Bakshi, M., Mahanty, S. et al. Assessment of Human Induced Potentially Toxic Metal Aggregation and Decadal Change in Sediment Quality of River Hooghly: Implications to the Usage of Pneumatophores as a Potential Bio-indicator and Phytoremediator. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 399 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05357-z

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