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Speciation Study on Pb in Different Particle Size Fractions by Sequential Extraction and XAFS Spectroscopy

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Abstract

Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan is a heavy industry area in China. Many studies just focused on the basic contamination statues of heavy metals there; however, few of them had a deep study on chemical species in micro aggregate or samples with different particle sizes. This study focused on a comprehensive research of Pb in typical arable soil collected from Zhuzhou. Soil properties, particle size distributions, and Pb chemical species in different soil particles were investigated. Species of Pb were characterized by sequential extraction and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectra. Little variance was shown on basic properties between different soil fractions, expect for mass distribution and Pb concentration. Sequential extraction results suggested that Pb species were similar in different soil fractions and about 90% of Pb species were consisted of carbonate binding, Fe/Mn oxide binding, and organic binding fraction. The percentage of water-soluble and exchangeable fraction Pb was less than 1%. XAFS was further applied to confirm the Pb chemical species. Results showed that the chemical species of Pb in soil were mainly consisted of PbSO4, Pb(OH)2, and PbO. However, 8.2% of Pb3O4 was presented in 250–53 μm fraction, which was different from other particle size fractions. The XAFS analysis suggested that the dominant chemical species was PbSO4 which was corresponding to the species of Fe/Mn oxide binding fraction in sequential extraction method. Pb(OH)2 was the secondary species that can be explained as carbonate and organic binding fraction. These combined results indicated that Pb in the studied soil was in a uniform, stable, and less bioavailability state within all particle sizes.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

The authors received financial support from the China Geological Survey (12120113002400) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers: 11875266, U1932103).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yang Shao, Yunan Lu, Min Luo, Diandou Xu & Lingling Ma

  2. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang, 065000, China

    Ke Yang, Guohua Zhou & Hangxin Cheng

  3. College of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541006, China

    Chen Zhao

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  1. Yang Shao
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  2. Yunan Lu
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Correspondence to Lingling Ma.

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Shao, Y., Lu, Y., Luo, M. et al. Speciation Study on Pb in Different Particle Size Fractions by Sequential Extraction and XAFS Spectroscopy. Water Air Soil Pollut 232, 440 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-021-05368-w

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