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Effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training on sleep and functional capacity to exercise in obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on sleep and functional capacity to exercise in subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods

This is a controlled, randomized, double-blind study conducted in 16 OSA patients divided into two groups: training (IMT: n = 8) and placebo-IMT (P-IMT: n = 8). IMT was conducted during 12 weeks with a moderate load (50–60% of maximal inspiratory pressure—MIP), while P-IMT used a load < 20% of MPI. Total daily IMT time for both groups was 30 min, 7 days per week, twice a day.

Results

There was no difference comparing IMT to P-IMT group after training for lung function (p > 0.05) and respiratory muscle strength (p > 0.05). Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2Max) was not significantly different between IMT and P-IMT group (mean difference − 1.76, confidence interval (CI) − 7.93 to 4.41, p = 0.71). The same was observed for the other ventilatory and cardiometabolic variables measured (p > 0.05). A significant improvement in sleep quality was found when Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) values of IMT and P-IMT group after training were compared (mean difference: 3.7, confidence interval 95% (CI95%) 0.6 to 6.9, p = 0.02) but no significant changes were seen in daytime sleepiness between both groups after the intervention (mean difference: 3.4, CI 95%: − 3.3 to 10.0; p = 0.29).

Conclusion

According to these results, 12 weeks of moderate load IMT resulted in improved sleep quality, but there were no significant repercussions on functional capacity to exercise or excessive daytime sleepiness.

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Funding

The Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) provided financial support in the form of data collection funding. The sponsor had no role in the design or conduct of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235 - Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil

    Adília Karoline Ferreira Souza, Armèle Dornelas de Andrade, Ana Irene Carlos de Medeiros, Maria Inês Remígio de Aguiar & Taciano Dias de Souza Rocha

  2. Sleep and Heart Laboratory, Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE), University of Pernambuco, Rua dos Palmares, s/n, Santo Amaro, Recife, PE, 50100-060, Brazil

    Rodrigo Pinto Pedrosa

  3. Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Rua Manoel de Medeiros, s/n - Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, 52171-900, Brazil

    Anna Myrna Jaguaribe de Lima

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  1. Adília Karoline Ferreira Souza
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Correspondence to Anna Myrna Jaguaribe de Lima.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Souza, A.K.F., Dornelas de Andrade, A., de Medeiros, A.I.C. et al. Effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training on sleep and functional capacity to exercise in obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized controlled trial. Sleep Breath 22, 631–639 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-017-1591-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-017-1591-5

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