Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of straight-line and road network distances to parks and markets on anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and a healthy lifestyle in adult people

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Sport Sciences for Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the straight-line and road network distances to parks and markets on anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and a healthy lifestyle in adult people.

Methods

We studied 832 subjects aged 18–74 years selected by a probability sampling. Geographic information systems were used to calculate access distance (straight-line and road network distances) from the participant’s homes to the nearest public place for physical activity and commercial center.

Results

After adjusting the population by age and gender, a significant and negative relation was found between glycemia and both straight-line and road network distances to markets in both males and females. Moreover, males aged 35–54 had a significant and positive relation between triglycerides and distance to parks. In addition, a negative correlation was observed only in females between sport frequency and road network distances to markets.

Conclusion

In this article, we have observed a similar correlation between the biochemical marker (glycemia) and both straight-line and road network distances to markets. Also, it raises the need to analyze other possible factors that could influence the relationship between the built environment and health.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Pearson TA, Blair SN, Daniels SR, Eckel RH, Fair JM, Fortmann SP, Franklin BA, Goldstein LB, Greenland P, Grundy SM et al (2002) AHA guidelines for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke: 2002 update: consensus panel guide to comprehensive risk reduction for adult patients without coronary or other atherosclerotic vascular diseases. American heart association science advisory and coordinating committee. Circulation 106:388–391

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Reddy KS, Yusuf S (1998) Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. Circulation 97:596–601

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Marenberg ME, Risch N, Berkman LF, Floderus B, de Faire U (1994) Genetic susceptibility to death from coronary heart disease in a study of twins. N Engl J Med 330:1041–1046

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ministerio de Salud de Chile, Encuesta Nacional de Salud (2003) Departamento de Salud Pública de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Informe Técnico. http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/invest/ENS/ENS.htm

  5. Palomo GI, Icaza NG, Mujica EV, Nunez FL, Leiva ME, Vasquez RM, Alarcon LM, Moyano DE (2007) Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in adult from Talca, Chile. Rev Med Chil 135:904–912

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Lebovitz HE (1999) Type 2 diabetes: an overview. Clin Chem 45:1339–1345

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kameyama T, Nabeshima T, Nagata H (1981) Hypoglycemia in mice exposed to an environment of high temperature and humidity. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 32:261–279

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Tuomilehto J (2009) Nonpharmacologic therapy and exercise in the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 32(Suppl 2):S189–S193

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Kris-Etherton PM, Krummel D, Russell ME, Dreon D, Mackey S, Borchers J, Wood PD (1988) The effect of diet on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and coronary heart disease. J Am Diet Assoc 88:1373–1400

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Varady KA, Jones PJ (2005) Combination diet and exercise interventions for the treatment of dyslipidemia: An effective preliminary strategy to lower cholesterol levels? J Nutr 135:1829–1835

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Patel CJ, Cullen MR, Ioannidis JP, Butte AJ (2012) Systematic evaluation of environmental factors: persistent pollutants and nutrients correlated with serum lipid levels. Int J Epidemiol 41:828–843

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Pasala SK, Rao AA, Sridhar GR (2010) Built environment and diabetes. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 30:63–68

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Swinburn B, Egger G, Raza F (1999) Dissecting obesogenic environments: the development and application of a framework for identifying and prioritizing environmental interventions for obesity. Prev Med 29:563–570

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bjork J, Albin M, Grahn P, Jacobsson H, Ardo J, Wadbro J, Ostergren PO (2008) Recreational values of the natural environment in relation to neighbourhood satisfaction, physical activity, obesity and wellbeing. J Epidemiol Community Health 62:e2

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Pereira G, Foster S, Martin K, Christian H, Boruff BJ, Knuiman M, Giles-Corti B (2012) The association between neighborhood greenness and cardiovascular disease: an observational study. BMC Public Health 12:466

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  16. Bell JF, Wilson JS, Liu GC (2008) Neighborhood greenness and 2-year changes in body mass index of children and youth. Am J Prev Med 35:547–553

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Rosenberg DE, Sallis JF, Conway TL, Cain KL, McKenzie TL (2006) Active transportation to school over 2 years in relation to weight status and physical activity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 14:1771–1776

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Giles-Corti B, Macintyre S, Clarkson JP, Pikora T, Donovan RJ (2003) Environmental and lifestyle factors associated with overweight and obesity in Perth, Australia. Am J Health Promot 18:93–102

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Dengel DR, Hearst MO, Harmon JH, Forsyth A, Lytle LA (2009) Does the built environment relate to the metabolic syndrome in adolescents? Health Place 15:946–951

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Habitch J (1974) Estandarización de métodos epidemiológicos cuantitativos sobre el terreno. Bol Sanit Panam 76:375–384

    Google Scholar 

  21. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (1972) Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 18:499–502

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Mena C, Fuentes E, Ormazabal Y, Palomo-Velez G, Palomo I (2015) Role of access to parks and markets with anthropometric measurements, biological markers, and a healthy lifestyle. Int J Environ Health Res 25:373–383

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. de Vries S, Verheij RA, Groenewegen PP, Spreeuwenberg P (2003) Natural environments—health environments? An exploratory analysis of the relationship between greenspace and health. Environ Plan 35:1717–1731

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Maas J, Verheij RA, Groenewegen PP, de Vries S, Spreeuwenberg P (2006) Green space, urbanity, and health: How strong is the relation? J Epidemiol Community Health 60:587–592

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Kai K, Morimoto I, Morita E, Okada Y, Yamamoto S, Kanda K, Uriu K, Eto S (2000) Environmental stress modifies glycemic control and diabetes onset in type 2 diabetes prone Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Physiol Behav 68:445–452

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Danaei G, Ding EL, Mozaffarian D, Taylor B, Rehm J, Murray CJ, Ezzati M (2009) The preventable causes of death in the United States: comparative risk assessment of dietary, lifestyle, and metabolic risk factors. PLoS Med 6:e1000058

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Chodzko-Zajko WJ, Proctor DN, Fiatarone Singh MA, Minson CT, Nigg CR, Salem GJ, Skinner JS (2009) American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Exercise and physical activity for older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 41:1510–1530

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Fritz T, Rosenqvist U (2001) Walking for exercise—immediate effect on blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes. Scand J Prim Health Care 19:31–33

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Boule NG, Haddad E, Kenny GP, Wells GA, Sigal RJ (2001) Effects of exercise on glycemic control and body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. JAMA 286:1218–1227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Snowling NJ, Hopkins WG (2006) Effects of different modes of exercise training on glucose control and risk factors for complications in type 2 diabetic patients: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 29:2518–2527

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Vuori IM, Oja P, Paronen O (1994) Physically active commuting to work–testing its potential for exercise promotion. Med Sci Sports Exerc 26:844–850

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Andrade S, Ochoa-Aviles A, Lachat C, Escobar P, Verstraeten R, Van Camp J, Donoso S, Rojas R, Cardon G, Kolsteren P (2014) Physical fitness among urban and rural Ecuadorian adolescents and its association with blood lipids: a cross sectional study. BMC Pediatr 14:106

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhang S, Liu X, Necheles J, Tsai HJ, Wang G, Wang B, Xing H, Li Z, Zang T, Xu X, Wang X (2010) Genetic and environmental influences on serum lipid tracking: a population-based, longitudinal Chinese twin study. Pediatr Res 68:316–322

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Bhatnagar A (2006) Environmental cardiology: studying mechanistic links between pollution and heart disease. Circ Res 99:692–705

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Sidawi B, Alhariri MT, Albaker WI (2014) Creating a healthy built environment for diabetic patients: the case study of the eastern province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Glob J Health Sci 6:136–147

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Evolahti A, Hultcrantz M, Collins A (2009) Psychosocial work environment and lifestyle as related to lipid profiles in perimenopausal women. Climacteric 12:131–145

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Parks SE, Housemann RA, Brownson RC (2003) Differential correlates of physical activity in urban and rural adults of various socioeconomic backgrounds in the United States. J Epidemiol Community Health 57:29–35

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Duffey KJ, Gordon-Larsen P, Steffen LM, Jacobs DR Jr, Popkin BM (2009) Regular consumption from fast food establishments relative to other restaurants is differentially associated with metabolic outcomes in young adults. J Nutr 139:2113–2118

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the CONICYT REGIONAL/GORE MAULE/CEAP/R09I2001 and supported by Grant No. 1130216 (I.P., M.G., R.M., M.A., J.C.) from Fondecyt, Chile.

Author contributions

CM and YO collected data and contributed to the writing. IP helped with data collection and critically revised the paper. EF and GP analyzed data and wrote the paper.

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Geomatics Center, University of Talca, Talca, Chile

      Carlos Mena & Yony Ormazábal

    2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca, Chile

      Eduardo Fuentes & Iván Palomo

    3. School of Psychology, University of Talca, Talca, Chile

      Gonzalo Palomo-Vélez

    4. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile

      Gonzalo Palomo-Vélez

    Authors
    1. Carlos Mena
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. Eduardo Fuentes
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. Yony Ormazábal
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Gonzalo Palomo-Vélez
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. Iván Palomo
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding authors

    Correspondence to Carlos Mena or Iván Palomo.

    Ethics declarations

    Conflict of interest

    The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

    Ethical approval

    The protocol was authorized by the Ethics Committee of Universidad de Talca in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (approved by the 18th World Medical Assembly in Helsinki, Finland, 1964).

    Informed consent

    All selected people who agreed to participate in the study were asked to sign a written consent form and answer a questionnaire.

    Additional information

    Carlos Mena and Eduardo Fuentes have contributed equally to this work and are the first authors.

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Mena, C., Fuentes, E., Ormazábal, Y. et al. Effect of straight-line and road network distances to parks and markets on anthropometric measurements, biochemical markers, and a healthy lifestyle in adult people. Sport Sci Health 12, 55–61 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-015-0253-x

    Download citation

    • Received:

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-015-0253-x

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation