Abstract
Purpose
The effects of straw incorporation on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission at the soil aggregate scale have yet to be elucidated, especially with supplemental nitrogen (N) and/or organic carbon (OC). The objective of this study was to evaluate N2O emission across different size soil aggregates of 6-year straw-incorporated soil as affected by exogenous N and OC treatments.
Materials and methods
In the present study, the N2O emission from different particle size soil aggregates (> 2, 1–2, 0.25–1, and < 0.25 mm) were investigated with/without 6-year maize straw incorporation under protected vegetable production. Ammonium sulfate (100 mg N kg−1) or ammonium sulfate (100 mg N kg−1) + glucose (100 mg C kg−1) were applied to these soil aggregates along with an unamended treatment (Control, CK) and incubated in a robotized continuous on-line incubation system for 200 h at 20℃ and 25% gravimetric water content. The dynamics of N2O emission was conducted in closed bottles with 21% initial oxygen concentration.
Results and discussion
The results showed that the proportion of > 1 mm aggregates and < 1 mm aggregates in straw-incorporated soil were increased 10.2% and decreased 29.1%, respectively, than those in no straw-incorporated soil. For all investigated treatments, < 0.25 mm aggregates had the highest cumulative N2O emission with 2.15–45.1 nmol N g−1 across all aggregate sizes. Cumulative N2O emission in < 0.25 mm aggregate of straw-incorporated soil was greater than that in no straw-incorporated soil without exogenous N and OC addition. N addition stimulated N2O emission from all size aggregates, and the N-stimulating effects were enhanced by the simultaneous addition of glucose. With exogenous N, N, and OC additions, cumulative N2O emission in > 2 mm, 1–2 mm, and 0.25–1 mm aggregates of straw-incorporated soil was greater than that in no straw-incorporated soil.
Conclusions
These results suggested that the characteristic of N2O emissions across different size aggregates from straw-incorporated soil is altered with supplemental N and OC. The study highlights that the N2O emission from straw-incorporated soil was stimulated by exogenous organic carbon and nitrogen addition within > 0.25 mm aggregate.
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Acknowledgements
This research was conducted by the support from the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-23-B16) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (42007031). We greatly appreciate Professor A. K. Alva (Former-Research Leader and Location Coordinator, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) for technical and language editing of the manuscript.
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Yin, J., Liu, R., Cao, W. et al. Nitrogen and carbon addition changed nitrous oxide emissions from soil aggregates in straw-incorporated soil. J Soils Sediments 22, 617–629 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-021-03093-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-021-03093-9