Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Late veneer and the origins of volatiles of Earth

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Acta Geochimica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Late veneer is an important paradigm in early Earth and planetary studies. It refers to the late addition of extraterrestrial materials to the Earth’s mantle after the core formation, which leads to the overabundances of highly siderophile elements in the primitive upper mantle. In this review, the origin, evolution, and expansion of the late veneer hypothesis are summarized, including some unresolved problems. I hope this review would be helpful for the new entrants to this field.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Modified from Lodders (2003) and Wood et al. (2019)

Fig. 3

Modified from Fischer-Gödde et al. (2020)

Fig. 4

source of Archean komatiites. Modified from Maier et al. (2009)

Fig.5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abramov O, Mojzsis SJ (2009) Microbial habitability of the hadean Earth during the late heavy bombardment. Nature 459:419–422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Albarède F (2009) Volatile accretion history of the terrestrial planets and dynamic implications. Nature 461:1227–1233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin RB (1949) The face of the Moon. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Beals CS, Innes MJS, Rottenberg JA (1963) Fossil meteorite craters. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker H, Horan MF, Walker RJ, Gao S, Lorand JP, Rudnick RL (2006) Highly siderophile element composition of the earth’s primitive upper mantle: constraints from new data on peridotite massifs and xenoliths. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 70:4528–4550

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Benisty M, Bae J, Facchini S, Keppler M, Teague R, Isella A, Kurtovic NT, PĂ©rez LM, Sierra A, Andrews SM, Carpenter J, Czekala I, Dominik C, Henning T, Menard F, Pinilla P, Zurlo A (2021) A circumplanetary disk around PDS70c. Astrophys J Lett 916:L2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bottke WF, Norman MD (2017) The late heavy bombardment. Annu Rev Earth Planet Sci 45:619–647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bottke WF, Walker RJ, Day JMD, Nesvorny D, Elkins-Tanton L (2010) Stochastic late accretion to Earth, the Moon, and Mars. Science 330:1527–1530

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boujibar A, Andrault D, Bouhifd MA, Bolfan-Casanova N, Devidal J-L, Trcera N (2014) Metal–silicate partitioning of sulphur, new experimental and thermodynamic constraints on planetary accretion. Earth Planet Sci Lett 391:42–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouvier A, Wadhwa M (2010) The age of the solar system redefined by the oldest Pb–Pb age of a meteoritic inclusion. Nat Geosci 3:637–664

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowring S, Housh T (1995) The Earth’s early evolution. Science 269:1535–1540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BraukmĂĽller N, Wombacher F, Funk C, MĂĽnker C (2019) Earth’s volatile element depletion pattern inherited from a carbonaceous chondrite-like source. Nat Geosci 12:564–568

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brenan JM (2015) Se–Te fractionation by sulfide–silicate melt partitioning: implications for the composition of mantle-derived magmas and their melting residues. Earth Planet Sci Lett 422:45–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brenan JM, McDonough WF (2009) Core formation and metal–silicate fractionation of osmium and iridium from gold. Nat Geosci 2:798–801

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chambers JE (2014) 2.4—planet formation. In: Holland HD, Turekian KK (eds) Treatise on geochemistry (second edition). Elsevier, Oxford, pp 55–72

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Chou C-L, Shaw DM, Crocket JH (1983) Siderophile trace elementys in the earth's oceanic crust and upper mantle. In: Proceedings of the 13th lunar and planetary science conference (journal of geophysical research) pp. A507-A518

  • Chou C-L (1978) Fractionation of siderophile elements in the earth's upper mantle. In: Proceedings of the 9th lunar and planetary science conference pp. 219–230

  • Clog M, Cartigny P, Aubaud C (2012) Experimental evidence for interaction of water vapor and platinum crucibles at high temperatures: implications for volatiles from igneous rocks and minerals. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 83:125–137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clog M, Aubaud C, Cartigny P, Dosso L (2013) The hydrogen isotopic composition and water content of southern Pacific MORB: a reassessment of the D/H ratio of the depleted mantle reservoir. Earth Planet Sci Lett 381:156–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cockell CS (2006) The origin and emergence of life under impact bombardment. Philos Trans R Soc b Biol Sci 361:1845–1856

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Connelly JN, Amelin Y, Krot AN, Bizzarro M (2008) Chronology of the solar system’s oldest solids. Astrophys J 675:L121–L124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cottrell E, Walker D (2006) Constraints on core formation from Pt partitioning in mafic silicate liquids at high temperatures. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 70:1565–1580

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Creech JB, Baker JA, Handler MR, Lorand JP, Storey M, Wainwright AN, Luguet A, Moynier F, Bizzarro M (2016) Late accretion history of the terrestrial planets inferred from platinum stable isotopes. Geochem Perspect Lett 3:94–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Creech JB, Moynier F, Bizzarro M (2017) Tracing metal–silicate segregation and late veneer in the Earth and the ureilite parent body with palladium stable isotopes. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 216:28–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dale CW, Burton KW, Greenwood RC, Gannoun A, Wade J, Wood BJ, Pearson DG (2012) Late accretion on the earliest planetesimals revealed by the highly siderophile elements. Science 336:72–75

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalou C, FĂĽri E, Deligny C, Piani L, Caumon M-C, Laumonier M, Boulliung J, EdĂ©n M (2019) Redox control on nitrogen isotope fractionation during planetary core formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci 116:14485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fehr MA, Hammond SJ, Parkinson IJ (2018) Tellurium stable isotope fractionation in chondritic meteorites and some terrestrial samples. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 222:17–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer-Gödde M, Kleine T (2017) Ruthenium isotopic evidence for an inner solar system origin of the late veneer. Nature 541:525–527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer-Gödde M, Becker H, Wombacher F (2011) Rhodium, gold and other highly siderophile elements in orogenic peridotites and peridotite xenoliths. Chem Geol 280:365–383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer-Gödde M, Elfers B-M, MĂĽnker C, Szilas K, Maier WD, Messling N, Morishita T, Van Kranendonk M, Smithies H (2020) Ruthenium isotope vestige of Earth’s pre-late-veneer mantle preserved in Archaean rocks. Nature 579:240–244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gannoun A, Burton KW, Day JMD, Harvey J, Schiano P, Parkinson I (2016) Highly siderophile element and os isotope systematics of volcanic rocks at divergent and convergent plate boundaries and in intraplate settings. Rev Miner Geochem 81:651–724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Genda H, Brasser R, Mojzsis SJ (2017) The terrestrial late veneer from core disruption of a lunar-sized impactor. Earth Planet Sci Lett 480:25–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gottfried D, Greenland LP (1972) Variation of iridium and gold in oceanic and continental basalts. Proceeding of the 24th International Geological Congress. Section 10. pp 135–144

  • Gottfried D, Rowe JJ, Tilling RI (1972) Distribution of gold in igneous rocks. U. S. Geol Surv Prof Paper 727:1–42

  • Grewal DS, Dasgupta R, Sun C, Tsuno K, Costin G (2019) Delivery of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to the silicate earth by a giant impact. Sci Adv 5:eaau3669

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grewal DS, Dasgupta R, Hough T, Farnell A (2021) Rates of protoplanetary accretion and differentiation set nitrogen budget of rocky planets. Nat Geosci 14:369–376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hallis LJ, Huss GR, Nagashima K, Taylor GJ, HalldĂłrsson SA, Hilton DR, Mottl MJ, Meech KJ (2015) Evidence for primordial water in Earth’s deep mantle. Science 350:795–797

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartmann WK (1965) Terrestrial and lunar flux of large meteorites in the last two billion years. Icarus 4:157–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hirschmann MM (2016) Constraints on the early delivery and fractionation of Earth’s major volatiles from C/H, C/N, and C/S ratios. Am Miner 101:540–553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofmann AW, White WM (1983) Ba, Rb and Cs in the earth’s mantle. Zeitschrift FĂĽr Naturforschung A 38:256–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hopp T, Kleine T (2018) Nature of late accretion to Earth inferred from mass-dependent Ru isotopic compositions of chondrites and mantle peridotites. Earth Planet Sci Lett 494:50–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iizuka T, Horie K, Komiya T, Maruyama S, Hirata T, Hidaka H, Windley BF (2006) 4.2 Ga zircon xenocryst in an acasta gneiss from northwestern Canada: evidence for early continental crust. Geology 34:245–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jagoutz E, Palme H, Baddenhausen H, Blum K, Cendales M, Dreibus G (1979) The abundances of major, minor and trace elements in the earth's mantle as derived from primitive ultramafic nodules. In: 10th Lunar and planetary science conference, Houston, Tex pp. 2031–2050

  • Jana D, Walker D (1997) The impact of carbon on element distribution during core formation. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 61:2759–2763

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura K, Lewis RS, Anders E (1974) Distribution of gold and rhenium between nickel-iron and silicate melts: implications for the abundance of siderophile elements on the Earth and moon. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 38:683–701

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • König S, Lorand J-P, Luguet A, Graham Pearson D (2014) A non-primitive origin of near-chondritic S-Se–Te ratios in mantle peridotites; implications for the EarthĘĽs late accretionary history. Earth Planet Sci Lett 385:110–121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • König S, Luguet A, Lorand J-P, Lissner M, Graham Pearson D (2015) Reply to the comment on a non-primitive origin of near-chondritic S-Se–Te ratios in mantle peridotites: implications for the Earth’s late accretionary history by König S. et al. [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 385 (2014) 110–121]. Earth Planet Sci Lett 417:167–169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Labidi J, Cartigny P, Moreira M (2013) Non-chondritic sulphur isotope composition of the terrestrial mantle. Nature 501:208–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Labidi J, Shahar A, Le Losq C, Hillgren VJ, Mysen BO, Farquhar J (2016) Experimentally determined sulfur isotope fractionation between metal and silicate and implications for planetary differentiation. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 175:181–194

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laul JC, Keays RR, Ganapathy R, Anders E, Morgen JW (1972) Chemical fractionations in Meteorites-V: Volatile and siderophile elements in achondrites and ocean ridge basalts. Geochimica et Cosmochemica Acta 36:329–345

  • Li Y, Marty B, Shcheka S, Zimmermann L, Keppler H (2016) Nitrogen isotope fractionation during terrestrial core-mantle separation. Geochem Perspect Lett 2:138–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, VoÄŤadlo L, Sun T, Brodholt JP (2020) The Earth’s core as a reservoir of water. Nat Geosci 13:453–458

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Bergin EA, Blake GA, Ciesla FJ, Hirschmann MM (2021) Earth’s carbon deficit caused by early loss through irreversible sublimation. Sci Adv 7:eabd3632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li C, Sprung P, Scherer E, Becker H (2014) Highly siderophile elements in Hadean-Eoarchean rocks of the Acasta region. In: Goldschmidt Conference p. 1422

  • Lodders K (2003) Solar system abundances and condensation temperatures of the elements. Astrophys J 591:1220–1247

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loewen MW, Graham DW, Bindeman IN, Lupton JE, Garcia MO (2019) Hydrogen isotopes in high 3He/4He submarine basalts: primordial vs. recycled water and the veil of mantle enrichment. Earth Planet Sci Lett 508:62–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maier WD, Barnes SJ, Campbell IH, Fiorentini ML, Peltonen P, Barnes S-J, Smithies RH (2009) Progressive mixing of meteoritic veneer into the early Earth’s deep mantle. Nature 460:620–623

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malavergne V, Charon E, Jones J, Cordier P, Righter K, Deldicque D, Hennet L (2016) The formation of nuggets of highly siderophile elements in quenched silicate melts at high temperatures: before or during the silicate quench? Earth Planet Sci Lett 434:197–207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Manhes G, Allègre CJ, DuprĂ© B, Hamelin B (1980) Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: speculations about the age of the Earth and primitive mantle characteristics. Earth Planet Sci Lett 47:370–382

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mann U, Frost DJ, Rubie DC, Becker H, AudĂ©tat A (2012) Partitioning of Ru, Rh, Pd, Re, Ir and Pt between liquid metal and silicate at high pressures and high temperatures—Implications for the origin of highly siderophile element concentrations in the earth’s mantle. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 84:593–613

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mao HK (1974) A discussion of the iron oxides at high pressure with implications for the chemical and thermal evolution of the earth. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Yearb pp. 510–518

  • Marchi S, Canup RM, Walker RJ (2018) Heterogeneous delivery of silicate and metal to the earth by large planetesimals. Nat Geosci 11:77–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MĂ©dard E, Schmidt MW, Wälle M, Keller NS, GĂĽnther D (2015) Platinum partitioning between metal and silicate melts: core formation, late veneer and the nanonuggets issue. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 162:183–201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meisel T, Walker RJ, Morgan JW (1996) The osmium isotopic composition of the Earth’s primitive upper mantle. Nature 383:517–520

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mojzsis SJ, Cates NL, Caro G, Trail D, Abramov O, Guitreau M, Blichert-Toft J, Hopkins MD, Bleeker W (2014) Component geochronology in the polyphase ca. 3920Ma acasta gneiss. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 133:68–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morbidelli A, Wood BJ (2015) Late accretion and the late veneer. Early Earth Accretion Differ Geophys Monogr 212:71–82

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mundl-Petermeier A, Walker RJ, Fischer RA, Lekic V, Jackson MG, Kurz MD (2020) Anomalous 182W in high 3He/4He ocean island basalts: Fingerprints of Earth’s core? Geochimica et Cosmochemica Acta 271:194–211

  • Norris CA, Wood BJ (2017) Earth’s volatile contents established by melting and vaporization. Nature 549:507–510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Neill HSC (1991) The origin of the Moon and the early history of the Earth—a chemical model. Part 2: the Earth. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 55:1159–1172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson C (1956) Age of meteorites and the Earth. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 10:230–237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puchtel IS, Walker RJ, Anhaeusser CR, Gruau G (2009a) Re–Os isotope systematics and HSE abundances of the 3.5 Ga Schapenburg komatiites, South Africa: hydrous melting or prolonged survival of primordial heterogeneities in the mantle? Chem Geol 262:355–369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puchtel IS, Walker RJ, Brandon AD, Nisbet EG (2009b) Pt–Re–Os and Sm–Nd isotope and HSE and REE systematics of the 2.7Ga Belingwe and Abitibi komatiites. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 73:6367–6389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puchtel IS, Blichert-Toft J, Touboul M, Walker RJ, Byerly GR, Nisbet EG, Anhaeusser CR (2013) Insights into early Earth from Barberton komatiites: evidence from lithophile isotope and trace element systematics. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 108:63–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Righter K, Humayun M, Danielson L (2008) Partitioning of palladium at high pressures and temperatures during core formation. Nat Geosci 1:321–323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ringwood AE (1966) The chemical composition and origin of earth. In: Hueley PM (ed) Advances in earth sciences, The MIT Pressre, MA, pp 287–356

  • Rose-Weston L, Brenan JM, Fei Y, Secco RA, Frost DJ (2009) Effect of pressure, temperature, and oxygen fugacity on the metal-silicate partitioning of Te, Se, and S: Implications for earth differentiation. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 73:4598–4615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rubie DC, Laurenz V, Jacobson SA, Morbidelli A, Palme H, Vogel AK, Frost DJ (2016) Highly siderophile elements were stripped from Earth’s mantle by iron sulfide segregation. Science 353:1141–1144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Russell SS, Hartmann L, Cuzzi J, Krot AN, Gounelle M, Weidenschilling S (2006) Timescales of the solar protoplanetary disk. In: Lauretta DS, McSween HYJ (eds) Meteorites and the early solar system II. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson

    Google Scholar 

  • Safronov VS (1969) Evolution of the protoplanetary cloud and formation of the earth and planets nauka, Moscow (Transl. 1972, NASA TT 5–677)/ Translated from Russian. Jerusalem (Israel): Israel program for scientific translations, Keter Publishing House p. 212

  • Sleep NH (2016) Asteroid bombardment and the core of Theia as possible sources for the Earth’s late veneer component. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 17:2623–2642

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suer T-A, Siebert J, Remusat L, Day JMD, Borensztajn S, Doisneau B, Fiquet G (2021) Reconciling metal–silicate partitioning and late accretion in the Earth. Nat Commun 12:2913

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tagawa S, Sakamoto N, Hirose K, Yokoo S, Hernlund J, Ohishi Y, Yurimoto H (2021) Experimental evidence for hydrogen incorporation into Earth’s core. Nat Commun 12:2588

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tera F, Papanastassiou DA, Wasserburg GJ (1974a) Isotopic evidence for a terminal lunar cataclysm. Earth Planet Sci Lett 22:1–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tera F, Papanastassiou DA, Wasserburg GJA (1973) Lunar Cataclysm at ~3.9 AE and the structure of lunar crust. In: 4th Lunar and planetary science conference, Houston, TX, USA pp. 723–725

  • Tera F, Papanastassiou DA, Wasserburg GJ (1974b) The lunar time scale and a summary of isotopic evidence for a terminal lunar cataclysm. In: 5th Lunar and planetary science conference, Houston, TX, USA pp. 792–794

  • Turner G, Cadogan PH (1975) The history of lunar bombardment inferred from 40Ar-39Ar dating of highland rocks. In: 6th Lunar and planetary science conference, Houston, TX, USA pp. 1509–1538

  • van de Löcht J, Hoffmann JE, Li C, Wang Z, Becker H, Rosing MT, Kleinschrodt R, MĂĽnker C (2018) Earth’s oldest mantle peridotites show entire record of late accretion. Geology 46:199–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Marel N, Williams JP, Bruderer S (2018) Rings and gaps in protoplanetary disks: planets or snowlines? Astrophys J 867:L14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Marel N, Dong R, di Francesco J, Williams JP, Tobin J (2019) Protoplanetary disk rings and gaps across ages and luminosities. Astrophys J 872:112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varas-Reus MI, König S, Yierpan A, Lorand J-P, Schoenberg R (2019) Selenium isotopes as tracers of a late volatile contribution to Earth from the outer solar system. Nat Geosci 12:779–782

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Becker H (2013) Ratios of S, Se and Te in the silicate earth require a volatile-rich late veneer. Nature 499:328–331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Z, Becker H (2015) Comment on a non-primitive origin of near-chondritic SSeTe ratios in mantle peridotites: implications for the Earth’s late accretionary history by König S. et al. [Earth Planet Sci Lett 385 (2014) 110–121]. Earth Planet Sci Lett 417:164–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang H, Weiss BP, Bai X-N, Downey BG, Wang J, Wang J, Suavet C, Fu RR, Zucolotto ME (2017) Lifetime of the solar nebula constrained by meteorite paleomagnetism. Science 355:623–627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang W, Li Y, Brodholt JP, VoÄŤadlo L, Walter MJ, Wu Z (2021a) Strong shear softening induced by superionic hydrogen in Earth’s inner core. Earth Planet Sci Lett 568:117014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang W, Li C-H, Brodbolt JP, Huang S, Walter MJ, Li M, Wu Z, Huang F, Wang S-J (2021b) Sulfur isotopic signature of Earth established by planetesimal volatile evaportation. Nat Geosci 14:806–811

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wetherill GW (1975) Late heavy bombardment of the moon and terrestrial planets. In: 6th Lunar and planetary science conference, Houston, TX, USA pp. 866–868

  • Willbold M, Mojzsis SJ, Chen H-W, Elliott T (2015) Tungsten isotope composition of the Acasta Gneiss Complex. Earth Planet Sci Lett 419:168–177

  • Wood BJ, Halliday AN, Rehkämper M (2010) Volatile accretion history of the Earth. Nature 467:E6–E7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wood BJ, Li J, Shahar A (2013) Carbon in the core: its influence on the properties of core and mantle. Rev Miner Geochem 75:231–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wood BJ, Smythe DJ, Harrison T (2019) The condensation temperatures of the elements: a reappraisal. Am Miner 104:844–856

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan L, Steinle-Neumann G (2020) Strong sequestration of hydrogen into the Earth’s core during planetary differentiation. Geophys Res Lett 47:e2020GL088303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y, Liu Y (2020) How to produce isotope anomalies in mantle by using extremely small isotope fractionations: a process-driven amplification effect? Geochim Cosmochim Acta 291:19–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

I appreciate the invitation of the editor of this issue. This work is supported by NSFC 41703019, Strategic Priority Research Program (B) (XDB41000000), and CDUT 10912-KYQD2020-08294.

Funding

The funding provided by nsfc, (Grant No. 41703019), strategic priority research program (b), (Grant No. XDB41000000), cdut 10912-kyqd2020-08294.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Research Center for Planetary Science, College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China

    Chun-Hui Li

Authors
  1. Chun-Hui Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chun-Hui Li.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The author declares that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

The author declares that this manuscript is in compliance with Ethical Standards.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Li, CH. Late veneer and the origins of volatiles of Earth. Acta Geochim 41, 650–664 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-021-00517-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11631-021-00517-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation