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Zone of Interaction Between the Parasite and the Host: Protein Profile of the Body Cavity Fluid of Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Infected with the Cestode Schistocephalus solidus (Muller, 1776)

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Abstract

Purpose

During infection, the host and the parasite “communicate” with each other through various molecules, including proteins. The aim of this study was to describe the excretory–secretory proteins from the helminth Schistocephalus solidus and its intermediate host, the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus L., which are likely to be involved in interactions between them.

Methods

Combined samples of washes from the G. aculeatus sticklebacks cavity infected with the S. solidus, and washes from the parasite surface were used as experimental samples, while washes from the uninfected fish body cavity were used as control. The obtained samples were analyzed using mass-spectrometry nLC–MS/MS.

Results

As a result of mass-spectrometry analysis 215 proteins were identified. Comparative quantitative analysis revealed significant differences in LFQ intensity between experimental and control samples for 20 stickleback proteins. In the experimental samples, we found an increase in the content of serpins, plasminogen, angiotensin 1–10, complement component C9, and a decrease in the content of triosephosphate isomerase, creatine kinase, fructose-biphosphate aldolase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidoxin-1, homocysteine-binding and fatty acid-binding proteins, compared to uninfected fish samples. In the experimental group washes, 30 S. solidus proteins were found, including malate dehydrogenase, annexin family proteins, serpins, peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase and fatty acid-binding protein.

Conclusions

Thus, the protein composition of washes from the helminth S. solidus surface and the body cavity of infected and uninfected stickleback G. aculeatus were studied. As a result, it was shown that various components of the immune defense system predominated in the washes of infected fish and helminths.

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Acknowledgements

The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project number 19-34-90095). The research was carried out using the equipment of the Core Facility of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The mass-spectrometric analysis was performed using equipment of “Human proteome” Core Facility (IBMC, Moscow, Russia). The sex and age determination of G. aculeatus was performed by Dr. Sterligova Olga (Laboratory for Fish and Water Invertebrate Ecology of Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences). We also express our gratitude to PhD Balan Olga (Laboratory for Genetics Institute of Biology KarRC RAS) for the assistance provided in conducting this research.

Funding

The reported study was funded by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project number 19-34-90095).

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  1. Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910, Petrozavodsk, Russia

    Albina Kochneva, Ekaterina Borvinskaya & Lev Smirnov

  2. Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, 664025, Irkutsk, Russia

    Ekaterina Borvinskaya

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by AK, EB and LS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by AK and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Albina Kochneva.

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All animal handling procedures were approved by the Ethics and Animal Care Committee of the Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, following EU-established norms and procedures.

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Kochneva, A., Borvinskaya, E. & Smirnov, L. Zone of Interaction Between the Parasite and the Host: Protein Profile of the Body Cavity Fluid of Gasterosteus aculeatus L. Infected with the Cestode Schistocephalus solidus (Muller, 1776). Acta Parasit. 66, 569–583 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11686-020-00318-8

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