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Stem Cell Therapy for Chronic and Advanced Heart Failure

  • Nonpharmacologic Therapy: Surgery, Ventricular Assist Devices, Biventricular Pacing, and Exercise (A Hasan, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review is to discuss recent advances in the field of cell therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) of ischemic (iCMP) and nonischemic (dCMP) etiology, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), and in advanced heart failure patients undergoing mechanical circulatory support (LVAD).

Recent Findings

In HFrEF patients (iCMP and dCMP cohorts), autologous and/or allogeneic cell therapy was shown to improve myocardial performance, patients’ functional capacity, and neurohumoral activation. In HFpEF patient population, the concept of cell therapy in novel and remains largely unexplored. However, initial data are very encouraging and suggest at least a similar benefit in improvements of myocardial performance (also diastolic function of the left ventricle), exercise capacity, and neurohumoral activation. Recently, cell therapy was explored in the sickest population of advanced heart failure patients undergoing LVAD support also showing a potential benefit in promoting myocardial reverse remodeling and recovery.

Summary

In the past decade, several cell therapy-based clinical trials showed promising results in various chronic and advanced heart failure patient cohorts. Future cell treatment strategies should aim for more personalized therapeutic approaches by defining optimal stem cell type or their combination, dose, and delivery method for an individual patient adjusted for patient’s age and stage/duration of heart failure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Gregor Poglajen, Sabina Frljak, Gregor Zemljič, Andraž Cerar, Renata Okrajšek, Miran Šebeštjen & Bojan Vrtovec

  2. Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

    Gregor Poglajen & Bojan Vrtovec

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  1. Gregor Poglajen
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  2. Sabina Frljak
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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Nonpharmacologic Therapy: Surgery, Ventricular Assist Devices, Biventricular Pacing, and Exercise

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Poglajen, G., Frljak, S., Zemljič, G. et al. Stem Cell Therapy for Chronic and Advanced Heart Failure. Curr Heart Fail Rep 17, 261–270 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-020-00477-9

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