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Rosiglitazone improves pancreatic mitochondrial function in an animal model of dysglycemia: role of the insulin-like growth factor axis

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Abstract

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) improve insulin sensitivity and maintain beta cell mass. This study examined whether this effect is attributable to improved mitochondrial function in the pancreas and the potential involvement of the pancreatic insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in mediating this effect. Female Wistar rats were given either saline (vehicle) or nicotine (1 mg kg−1 day−1) during pregnancy and lactation. Following weaning, nicotine-exposed offspring were randomized to receive either vehicle or rosiglitazone (3 mg kg−1 day−1) until 26 weeks of age when serum and pancreas tissue were collected. The effect of rosiglitazone on nicotine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction was also examined in vitro. Fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure resulted in structural and functional mitochondrial deficits relative to saline controls. The nicotine-induced mitochondrial defects were attenuated by postnatal rosiglitazone administration. A similar effect was observed in vitro; nicotine (25 ng/ml) inhibited beta cell mitochondrial function and co-treatment with rosiglitazone (1 μM) restored enzyme activity to control levels. Fetal and neonatal nicotine exposure also altered key components of the adult pancreatic IGF axis, an effect that was not prevented by rosiglitazone treatment. Rosiglitazone treatment maintains mitochondrial structure and function in the pancreas of rats that are prone to diabetes, as well as mitochondrial function in beta cell culture. We propose that this may be an important part of the mechanism by which rosiglitazone improves beta cell mass and prevents diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose. The underlying mechanism through which rosiglitazone targets the mitochondria remains to be determined, but does not appear to involve the IGF axis.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the staff of the McMaster University Central Animal Facility, Ms Carolyn Cesta, Ms Sandra Stals, Ms Lisa Kellenberger, Mr Ed Hadzocos, and Mr Igal Raizman for their assistance with the animal work. This work was supported by a research grant from GlaxoSmithKline (AVD 103438) to ACH and HCG and funding for the mitochondrial assessment was kindly provided by Mr. Warren Lammert and Ms Kathy Corkins as a donation to Dr. Tarnopolsky. Dr Raha was supported by the Hamilton Health Sciences New Investigator Fund. Dr Gerstein holds the Population Health Institute Chair in Diabetes Research (sponsored by Aventis). Ms Bruin was funded by an Ontario Women’s Health/CIHR Doctoral Award, a CIHR Strategic Training Program in Tobacco Research Fellowship, and an Ashley Studentship for Research in Tobacco Control.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reproductive Biology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada

    Jennifer E. Bruin, Jillian R. Hyslop & Alison C. Holloway

  2. Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada

    James J. Petrik

  3. Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada

    Sandeep Raha & Mark A. Tarnopolsky

  4. Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada

    Mark A. Tarnopolsky & Hertzel C. Gerstein

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  1. Jennifer E. Bruin
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Correspondence to Alison C. Holloway.

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Bruin, J.E., Petrik, J.J., Hyslop, J.R. et al. Rosiglitazone improves pancreatic mitochondrial function in an animal model of dysglycemia: role of the insulin-like growth factor axis. Endocr 37, 303–311 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-009-9294-8

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