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Prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B au Burundi sur la base d’une enquête nationale

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Burundi, a nationwide survey

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Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie

Résumé

Introduction

La prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) n’est pas bien connue au Burundi. Des études parcellaires rapportent des taux variés. Aucune étude nationale n’avait été faite dans notre pays.

But

Déterminer la prévalence de l’AgHBs au Burundi à partir d’une enquête nationale.

Méthodes

Lors d’une enquête nationale de séroprévalence du VIH en 2002 par le CEFORMI au CHUK, entre 2 et 4 ml de sérum et de plasma avaient été décantés pour chaque échantillon puis conservés à −20°C pour usage ultérieur. Nous avons repris et analysé ces échantillons.

Résultats

Au total, 5 569 personnes ont été enrôlées, 2 660 (47,8 %) hommes et 2 909 (52,2 %) femmes. 1 051 (18,9 %) étaient en zone urbaine, 1 062 (19,1 %) en zone semi-urbaine et 3 456 (62 %) en zone rurale. L’âge moyen était de 31 ± 15 ans avec une médiane de 28 ans. La séroprévalence nationale de l’AgHBs était de 4,6 % (259/5569). Elle était de 5,4% (144/2660) chez l’homme et de 3,9% (114/2909) chez la femme (p < 0,01). En zone urbaine, la séroprévalence était de 5,9 % (62/1051), 6,3 % (32/505) chez l’homme et 5,5 % (30/546) chez la femme. En zone semi-urbaine, la séroprévalence était de 4,6 % (49/1062), 5,4 % (26/484) chez l’homme et 4 % (23/578) chez la femme. En zone rurale, elle était de 4,3 % (148/3456), 5,2 % (87/1672) chez l’homme et 3,4 % (61/1784) chez la femme. La co-infection avec le VIH était rare: 0,9%(9/1051) en zone urbaine, 0,3%(3/1062) en zone semi-urbaine et 0,3 % (9/3456) en zone rurale.

Conclusion

La prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B est estimée à 4,6 % au Burundi. Elle est plus élevée chez l’homme (5,4 %) que chez la femme (3,9 %), en zone urbaine (5,9 %) qu’en zone rurale (4,3 %). Elle est parmi les taux les plus bas en Afrique noire.

Abstract

Introduction

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HVB) is not well known in Burundi. Some fragmentary studies found various rates. No nationwide study had been made in our country.

Aim

To determine the prevalence of HBsAg in Burundi based on a nationwide survey.

Methods

During a national investigation of HIV prevalence in 2002, conducted by the CEFORMI in CHU Kamenge, between 2 and 4 ml of serum and plasma had been decanted from each sample and stored under −20°C for ulterior use. We recuperated and analyzed these samples.

Results

A total of 5.569 persons have been enrolled, 2.660 (47.8%) males and 2.909 (52.2%) females. 1.051 (18.9%) were in urban areas; 1.062 (19.1%) in semi-urban areas and 3.456 (62%) in rural areas. The middle age was 31±15 years with a median of 28 years. The national HBsAg prevalence was 4.6% (259/5569). It was 5.4% (144/2660) among male populations and 3.9% (114/2909) among female populations (p<0,01). In urban areas, that prevalence was 5.9% (62/1051). It was 6.3% (32/505) among males and 5.5% (30/546) among females. In semi-urban areas, the prevalence was 4.6% (49/1062), 5.4% (26/484) among males and 4% (23/578) among females. In rural areas, it was 4.3% (148/3456), 5.2% (87/1672) among males 3.4% (61/1784) among females. The co-infection with the HIV was rare: 0,9% (9/1051) in urban areas, 0,3% (3/1062) in semi-urban areas and 0.3% (9/3456) in rural areas.

Conclusion

The prevalence of HBsAg is estimated to 4.6%in Burundi. It is more elevate among males (5.4%) than among females (3.9%); and in urban areas (5.9%) than in rural areas (4.3%). It is in the lowest rates found in black Africa countries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Kamenge (CHUK), département de médecine interne, Bujumbura, Burundi

    R. Ntagirabiri, T. Niyongabo, A. Ndayiragije & E. Baransaka

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  1. R. Ntagirabiri
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  2. T. Niyongabo
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  3. A. Ndayiragije
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  4. E. Baransaka
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Correspondence to R. Ntagirabiri.

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Ntagirabiri, R., Niyongabo, T., Ndayiragije, A. et al. Prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B au Burundi sur la base d’une enquête nationale. J Afr Hepato Gastroenterol 7, 199–203 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12157-013-0495-7

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