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Interacting Effects of Receiving Social Control and Social Support During Smoking Cessation

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Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Abstract

Background

Social control and support have effects on smoking cessation, but are mostly examined separately.

Purpose

Interacting effects of social control and support are investigated, hypothesizing synergistic effects.

Methods

In 99 smokers, received social control and emotional support (both smoking specific) were assessed 2 weeks before a quit date (T1); objectively verified abstinence and self-reported numbers of cigarettes smoked daily were assessed 6 weeks after baseline (T2).

Results

For both outcomes, associations with control (T1) were moderated by support (T1), but beneficial synergistic effects (high control/high support) emerged for few participants only. Effects were mainly driven by constellations of low control/high support associated with more cigarettes smoked daily (T2) and low control/low support linked to higher likelihood of abstinence (T2).

Conclusions

Different constellations of levels of control and support may be beneficial for quitting smoking. Whereas synergies of high domain-specific control and support may be beneficial, they only rarely occur.

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Fig. 1

Notes

  1. As this study was part of a larger longitudinal study, parts of the data analyzed in this paper were also used in a paper by Ochsner et al. [11] about the interplay of social support and individual self-regulation variables. Although there is some overlap in the variables used, the present paper investigates a unique research question and displays results not yet covered by previous publications from the larger project.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (100014_124516). The fourth author’s contribution was supported by a grant from the National Science Centre (NN 106 012240). We would like to thank all students who helped with data collection.

Author’s Statement of Conflict of Interest and Adherence to Ethical Standards

Sibylle Ochsner, Nina Knoll, Gertraud Stadler, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Rainer Hornung, and Urte Scholz have no conflict of interest to disclose.

All procedures, including the informed consent process, were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.’

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Applied Social Psychology, University of Zurich, Binzmuehlestrasse 14, Box 14, 8050, Zürich, Switzerland

    Sibylle Ochsner Ph.D., Rainer Hornung Ph.D. & Urte Scholz Ph.D.

  2. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Nina Knoll Ph.D.

  3. Columbia University New York, New York, NY, USA

    Gertraud Stadler Ph.D.

  4. University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Wroclaw, Poland

    Aleksandra Luszczynska Ph.D.

  5. Trauma, Health, and Hazards Center, University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, CO, USA

    Aleksandra Luszczynska Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Sibylle Ochsner Ph.D.
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  2. Nina Knoll Ph.D.
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  3. Gertraud Stadler Ph.D.
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  4. Aleksandra Luszczynska Ph.D.
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  5. Rainer Hornung Ph.D.
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  6. Urte Scholz Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Urte Scholz Ph.D..

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Ochsner, S., Knoll, N., Stadler, G. et al. Interacting Effects of Receiving Social Control and Social Support During Smoking Cessation. ann. behav. med. 49, 141–146 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9635-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9635-6

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