Skip to main content
Log in

Does brand identification transform alumni into university advocates?

  • Original Article
  • Published:
International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Colleges and universities are now plunging themselves into practices like branding as a mechanism for combating decreasing government funds and increasing engagement of alumni and potential donors. This article explores whether brand identification elicited brand-supportive behaviors from university alumni. Using a web-based instrument, the researchers surveyed alumni of a mid-sized state-run university in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States to see if identification affected promotional behaviors like word-of-mouth support, harboring a competitive attitude towards out groups, and seeking contact with the university website and social media avenues. The study highlighted that brand identification and interpretation of the university brand, expressed in distinctiveness and attractiveness, positively influenced alumni supportive behaviors. This study expands on the understanding of identification as it relates to alumni behaviors that ultimately support the university brand. This research offers support for the importance and value of brand management in higher education.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ahearne, M., Bhattacharya, C. B., & Gruen, T. (2005). Antecedents and consequences of customer-company identification: expanding the role of relationship marketing. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(3), 574–585.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, H., & Raposo, M. (2007). Conceptual model of student satisfaction in higher education. Total Quality Management, 18(5), 571–588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves, H., & Raposo, M. (2009). The measurement of the construct satisfaction in higher education. The Service Industries Journal, 29(2), 203–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anctil, E. J. (2008). Recommendations for selling higher education. ASHE Higher Education Report, 34(2), 89–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnett, D. B., German, S. D., & Hunt, S. D. (2003). The identity salience model of relationship marketing success: the case of nonprofit marketing. Journal of Marketing, 67, 89–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashforth, B. E., & Mael, F. (1989). Social identity theory and the organization. Academy of Management Review, 14(1), 20–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashforth, B. E., Harrison, S. H., & Corley, K. G. (2008). Identification in organizations: an examination of four fundamental questions. Journal of Management, 34(3), 325–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya, C. B., & Sen, S. (2003). Consumer-company identification: a framework for understanding consumers’ relationships with companies. Journal of Marketing, 67, 77–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhattacharya, C. B., Rao, H., & Glynn, M. A. (1995). Understanding the bond of identification: an investigation of its correlates among art museum members. Journal of Marketing, 59(4), 46–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boenigk, S., & Helmig, B. (2013). Why donors donate? examining the effects of organizational identification and identity salience on the relationships among satisfaction, loyalty, and donation behavior. Journal of Service Research, 16(4), 533–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bunzel, D. L. (2007). Universities sell their brands. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 16(2), 152–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapleo, C. (2011). Exploring rationales for branding a university: should we be seeking to measure branding in UK universities? Journal of Brand Management, 18, 411–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cialdini, R. B., Borden, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., & Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34(3), 366–375.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curtis, T., Abratt, R., & Minor, W. (2009). Corporate brand management in higher education: the case of ERAU. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 18(6), 404–413.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donavan, D. T., Janda, S., & Suh, J. (2006). Environmental influences in corporate brand identification and outcomes. Brand Management, 14(1/2), 125–136.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dukerich, J. M., Golden, B. R., & Shortell, S. M. (2002). Beauty is in the eye of the beholder: the impact of organizational identification, identity and image on the cooperative behaviors of physicians. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47, 507–533.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dutton, J. E., Dukerich, J. M., & Harquail, C. V. (1994). Organizational images and member identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39, 239–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, M. R. (2005). Organizational identification: a conceptual and operational review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 7(4), 207–230.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, L. C. (2008). Low-tech causal modeling. Unpublished manuscript. University of New Hampshire: Department of Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemsley-Brown, J., & Goonawardana, S. (2007). Brand harmonization in the international higher education market. Journal of Business Research, 60, 942–948.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jevons, C. (2006). Universities: a prime example of branding going wrong. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 15(7), 466–467.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jimènez-Castillo, D., Sánchez-Fernández, R., & Ángeles Iniesta-Bonillo, M. (2013). Segmenting university graduates on the basis of perceived value, image and identification. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 10, 235–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judson, K. M., Aurand, T. W., Gorchels, L., & Gordon, G. L. (2009). Building a university brand from within: university administrators’ perspectives of internal branding. Services Marketing Quarterly, 30(1), 54–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, C. K., Han, D., & Park, S. (2001). The effect of brand personality and brand identification on brand loyalty: applying the theory of social identification. Japanese Psychological Research, 43(4), 195–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, T., Chang, K., & Jae Ko, Y. (2010). Determinants of organisational identification and supportive intentions. Journal of Marketing Management, 26(5/6), 413–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuenzel, S., & Halliday, S. V. (2008). Investigating antecedents and consequences of brand identification. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 17(5), 293–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: a partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Melewar, T. C., & Akel, S. (2005). The role of corporate identity in the higher education sector. Corporate Communications, 10(1), 41–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morhart, F. M., Herzog, W., & Tomczak, T. (2009). Brand-specific leadership: turning employees into brand champions. Journal of Marketing, 73, 122–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, T., Hartman, K., & Johnson, J. S. (2011). Books and balls: antecedents and outcomes of college identification. Research in Higher Education Journal, 13, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sargeant, A., & Ford, J. B. (2007). The power of brands. Stanford Social Innovation Review, 5(1), 41–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sirgy, M. J. (1982). Self-concept in consumer behavior: a critical review. Journal of Consumer Research, 9, 287–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sirgy, M. J., Grzeskowiak, S., & Rahtz, D. (2007). Quality of college life (QCL) of students: developing and validating a measure of well-being. Social Indicators Research, 80, 343–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1981). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 7–24). Chicago, IL: Nelson Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomson, M., MacInnis, D. J., & Park, C. W. (2005). The ties that bind: measuring the strength of consumers’ emotional attachments to brands. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 15(1), 77–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, J. C., Oakes, P. J., Alexander Haslam, S., & McGarty, C. (1994). Self and collective: cognition and social context. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 454–463.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waeraas, A., & Solbakk, M. N. (2008). Defining the essence of a university: lessons from higher education branding. Higher Education, 57, 449–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wymer, W. (2013). Deconstructing the brand nomological network. International Review of Nonprofit Marketing, 10, 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Amber L. Stephenson.

Appendix A

Appendix A

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Stephenson, A.L., Yerger, D.B. Does brand identification transform alumni into university advocates?. Int Rev Public Nonprofit Mark 11, 243–262 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12208-014-0119-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12208-014-0119-y

Keywords

Navigation