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Somatic Mining for Phytonutrient Improvement of ‘Russet Burbank’ Potato

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Abstract

Screening of >800 somaclones of ‘Russet Burbank’, North America’s leading French fry cultivar, for improved yield and processing quality, led to the selection of 25 advanced lines. Three replicates of 3–5 tubers each from advanced lines were assessed after 5 months storage for antioxidant and polyphenol attributes; a subject receiving increased attention among plant breeders, nutritionists, and consumers. Phytonutrients affecting antioxidant components and total antioxidant capacity per serving (150 g fresh matter; one serving size) varied significantly among tubers of the 25 somaclones as well as between these somaclones and ‘Russet Burbank’ control plants (field tuber-derived and plantlet-derived). Several phenolics, including chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid derivatives, ferulic acid derivatives as well as the flavonoid rutin, ranged in concentration from 10- to 100-fold with some lines exceeding control tuber concentrations by >7-fold. Similarly, ascorbic acid ranged >3-fold (47.21 to 208.63 mg) on a per serving basis with some lines showing significantly greater concentrations than the control plantlet derived tubers (93.82 mg) by >2-fold. Antioxidant capacity, estimated using 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ranged up to 5-fold for the advanced somaclones (2,121.34 to 11,163.07 μM trolox equivalent/serving). Less variation occurred with other antioxidant capacity tests (DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteu). Overall 17/25 lines had increased antioxidant components. HPLC assays were necessary to confirm lines with better phytonutrient profiles. Somaclonal selection offers clear benefits for phytonutrient improvement in potato and can follow selection for yield and processing attributes.

Resumen

Las evaluaciones de más de 800 somaclones de “Russet Burbank”, variedad líder en Norteamérica para elaborar papas a la francesa, para mejorar el rendimiento y la calidad del procesamiento, condujo a la selección de 25 líneas avanzadas. Se analizaron tres repeticiones de 3–5 tubérculos de cada una de las líneas avanzadas después de cinco meses en almacenamiento, para atributos de antioxidantes y polifenoles; que son aspectos de la mayor atención entre fitomejoradores, nutriólogos y consumidores. Los fitonutrientes que afectan a los componentes antioxidantes y la capacidad total antioxidante por ración (150 g de materia fresca; tamaño de una ración) variaron significativamente entre tubérculos de los 25 somaclones, así como entre estos somaclones y las plantas testigo “Russet Burbank” (derivadas de tubérculos del campo y derivadas de plántulas). Varios fenoles, incluyendo el ácido clorogénico, ácido caféico, ácido ferúlico y el flavonoide rutina, variaron en concentración de 10 a 100 veces con algunas líneas, excediendo a las concentraciones de los tubérculos testigo por más de siete veces. Similarmente, el ácido ascórbico varió por más de tres veces (47.21 a 208.63 mg) con base a una ración, con algunas líneas mostrando significativamente mayores concentraciones que la plántula testigo derivada de tubérculos (93.82 mg) por el doble. La capacidad antioxidante, estimada usado 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-ácido sulfónico) (ABTS), varió hasta por cinco veces más para los somaclones avanzados (2,121.34 a 11,163.07 μM trolox equivalentes/ración). Se presentó menor variación con otras pruebas de capacidad antioxidante (DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteu). En general, 17/25 líneas aumentaron sus componentes antioxidantes. Fueron necesarios ensayos con HPLC para confirmar las líneas con mejores perfiles de fitonutrientes. La selección somaclonal ofrece beneficios claros para el mejoramiento de fitonutrientes en papa y se puede seguir la selección para rendimiento y atributos de procesado.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Ms. D. Farid (School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University) for help with the total phenolics (FC, GAE) assay. We are particularly grateful for extensive field support from McCain Foods Canada Ltd. (Florenceville, NB, Canada) and use of processing and storage facilities at the NB Department of Agriculture & Rural Development (NBDARD) Wicklow Station (Wicklow, NB, Canada). We thank the NSERC Discovery Grant Program (D.J. Donnelly and S. Kubow) for their financial support. We also much appreciate the kindly and supportive editorial review process at American Journal of Potato Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Science Department, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Sainte Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada

    Atef M. K. Nassar & Danielle J. Donnelly

  2. School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Macdonald Campus of McGill University, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Sainte Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada

    Atef M. K. Nassar & Stan Kubow

  3. McCain Foods Canada Ltd., 107 Main Street, Florenceville, NB, E7L 1B2, Canada

    Yves N. Leclerc

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  1. Atef M. K. Nassar
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Correspondence to Danielle J. Donnelly.

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Nassar, A.M.K., Kubow, S., Leclerc, Y.N. et al. Somatic Mining for Phytonutrient Improvement of ‘Russet Burbank’ Potato. Am. J. Potato Res. 91, 89–100 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-013-9334-z

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