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Cutting down on the grog: the crystallisation of Neolithic ceramic traditions at Cova d’En Pardo (Alicante, Spain) and cultural change in the western Mediterranean basin (mid-6th and 5th millennia cal. BC)

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Abstract

This paper presents the characterisation of 48 ceramic samples from Cova d’En Pardo (Alicante, Spain). Provenance and technology analysis are carried out on materials dated back to different Early and Middle Neolithic cultural phases, including pioneer and Epicardial levels, poorly known in the area. The techniques employed are optical petrography and scanning electron microscope. Two main fabrics were identified, characterised by the heavy presence of temper (grog and calcite), along with five minor petrographic classes, including two imports, one of them probably from southern Iberia. The comparison among occupational phases within the site reveals changes along the stratigraphic series, especially during the transition from the 6th to 5th millennia cal. BC, which is reflected in temper choice. Evidence from the earliest occupation of the site also agrees with the picture of discontinuity previously observed on nearby contexts between pioneer and traditional Cardial ceramic technology, which might be connected to neolithization routes. Firing technology is characterised by the occurrence of microstructure gradients and signs of fast heating rates.

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Notes

  1. On-site coordinates (Soler Díaz 2012, p. 24).

  2. Radiocarbon dates calibrated with Oxcal 4.2.2 software against the IntCal20 calibration curve (Reimer et al. 2020).

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Funding

Sample preparation and analyses were funded by the projects NEOMEDPOT (Marie Skłodowska-Curie program, European Commission, grant number 659466) and Espacios sociales y espacios de frontera durante el calcolítico y la Edad del Bronce en el Levante de la península Ibérica (HAR2016-76586-P, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and FEDER).

Miguel del Pino is a postdoctoral researcher within the Viera y Clavijo program, funded by the Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain). The initial draft of the paper was finished while a postdoctoral researcher within the APOSTD program funded by the Generalitat Valenciana and FEDER funds (Spain).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciencias Históricas, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, C/ Pérez del Toro, 1, 35004, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain

    Miguel del Pino Curbelo

  2. Departamento de Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Filología Griega y Filología Latina; Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Universidad de Alicante, Carr de San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain

    Miguel del Pino Curbelo, Jorge A. Soler Díaz & Gabriel García Atiénzar

  3. Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, Minalloy House, 10-16, Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 3NJ, UK

    Miguel del Pino Curbelo & Peter M. Day

  4. Museo Arqueológico de Alicante, Plza. Dr. Gómez Ulla, s/n, 03013, Alicante, Spain

    Jorge A. Soler Díaz & Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz

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  1. Miguel del Pino Curbelo
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  2. Peter M. Day
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Correspondence to Miguel del Pino Curbelo.

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del Pino Curbelo, M., Day, P.M., Soler Díaz, J.A. et al. Cutting down on the grog: the crystallisation of Neolithic ceramic traditions at Cova d’En Pardo (Alicante, Spain) and cultural change in the western Mediterranean basin (mid-6th and 5th millennia cal. BC). Archaeol Anthropol Sci 13, 11 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-020-01259-z

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