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Quality of Life in Caregivers of Type 2 Diabetes Patients After Patient’s Surgery: a Path Analysis

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Abstract

Background

Type 2 diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease, and one of its complications may result in amputation. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of psychosocial variables, over time, on quality of life (QoL) of caregivers of patients (N = 110) who had undergone a recent amputation.

Method

A longitudinal design was employed: (T1) 1 month after the patient’s surgery; (T2) 7 months after; and (T3) 10 months after. Burden Assessment Scale, Family Assessment Device, Revised Impact of Events Scale, Family Disruption from Illness Scale, and Short Form Health Survey were used. A path analysis model was tested.

Results

Burden, perception of family functioning, and traumatic symptoms at T1 showed a positive impact on the perception of family functioning, at T2. Traumatic symptoms, at T1, predicted traumatic symptoms at T2 being also a mediator between those symptoms (T1) and physical QoL (T3). Physical and traumatic symptoms, at T1 predicted physical symptoms, at T2 affecting both mental and physical QoL (T3), being also a mediator in these relationships. Burden (T1) also had a direct effect on mental QoL (T3) and at T2 had an impact on physical QoL (T3) mediating also the relationship between burden/physical symptoms at T1 and physical QoL, at T3.

Conclusion

Intervention should focus on physical and traumatic symptoms as well as burden since they were both mediators regarding mental and physical QoL.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the health professionals from the Multidisciplinary Consultations of the Diabetic Foot at the Santa Luzia Hospital Center in Viana do Castelo, from the Multidisciplinary Consultations of the Diabetic Foot at the Tâmega and Sousa Hospital Center, from the Multidisciplinary Consultations of the Diabetic Foot at the Hospital Center of Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, from the Multidisciplinary Consultations of the Diabetic Foot at the Hospital Center of Porto, from the Service of Vascular Surgery of the Hospital of São João, and from the Service of Vascular Surgery at the Hospital of Braga.

Funding

This work was carried out during a scholarship supported by Full Doctoral Program Foreign Funded by CAPES—Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-245, Braga, Portugal

    M. Suely Alves Costa, Ângela Leite, Ana C. Almeida & M. Graça Pereira

  2. 2Ai School of Technology, IPCA, 4750-810, Barcelos, Portugal

    Estela Vilhena

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  1. M. Suely Alves Costa
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All the authors listed meet the authorship criteria according to the latest guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors and all authors are in agreement with the manuscript.

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Correspondence to M. Graça Pereira.

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Costa, M.S.A., Vilhena, E., Leite, Â. et al. Quality of Life in Caregivers of Type 2 Diabetes Patients After Patient’s Surgery: a Path Analysis. Int.J. Behav. Med. 29, 438–447 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-021-10028-8

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