References
Buchman AS, Wilson RS, Bienias JL, Shah RC, Evans DA, Bennett DA. Change in body mass index and risk of incident Alzheimer disease. Neurology. Sep 27 2005;65(6):892–897.
Boyle PA, Buchman AS, Wilson RS, Leurgans SE, Bennett DA. Association of muscle strength with the risk of Alzheimer disease and the rate of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older persons. Arch Neurol. Nov 2009;66(11):1339–1344.
Buracchio T, Dodge HH, Howieson D, Wasserman D, Kaye J. The Trajectory of Gait Speed Preceding Mild Cognitive Impairment. Arch Neurol. August 1, 2010 2010;67(8):980–986.
Verghese J, Wang C, Lipton RB, Holtzer R, Xue X. Quantitative gait dysfunction and risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. 9/1 2007;78(9):929–935.
Camicioli R, Howieson D, Oken B, Sexton G, Kaye J. Motor slowing precedes cognitive impairment in the oldest old. Neurology. May 1998;50(5):1496–1498.
Gustafson D. Adiposity indices and dementia. Lancet Neurol. Aug 2006;5(8):713–720.
Wilson RS, Barnes LL, Mendes de Leon CF, et al. Depressive symptoms, cognitive decline, and risk of AD in older persons. Neurology. Aug 13 2002;59(3):364–370.
Abellan van Kan G, Rolland Y, Gillette-Guyonnet S, et al. Gait Speed, Body Composition, and Dementia. The EPIDOS-Toulouse Cohort. The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. April 1, 2012 2012;67A(4):425–432.
Buchman AS, Yu L, Wilson RS, Schneider JA, Bennett DA. Association of brain pathology with the progression of frailty in older adults. Neurology. May 28 2013;80(22):2055–2061.
Wilson RS, Leurgans SE, Boyle PA, Schneider JA, Bennett DA. Neurodegenerative basis of age-related cognitive decline. Neurology. 2010;75(12):1070–1078.
Buchman AS, Nag S, Shulman JM, et al. Locus coeruleus neuron density and parkinsonism in older adults without Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. Nov 2012;27(13):1625–1631.
Wilson RS, Nag S, Boyle PA, et al. Neural reserve, neuronal density in the locus ceruleus, and cognitive decline. Neurology. Mar 26 2013;80(13):1202–1208.
Jack CR, Jr., Albert M, Knopman DS, et al. Introduction to revised criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer’s Association workgroup. Alzheimers Dement. Apr 20 2011.
Lang AE. A critical appraisal of the premotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease: Potential usefulness in early diagnosis and design of neuroprotective trials. Movement Disorders. 2011;26(5):775–783.
Tanne D, Levine SR. Capturing the Scope of Stroke: Silent, Whispering, and Overt. Archives of Neurology. 2009;66(7):819–820.
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. Mar 2001;56(3):M146–156.
Saczynski JS, Beiser A, Seshadri S, Auerbach S, Wolf PA, Au R. Depressive symptoms and risk of dementia. Neurology. July 6, 2010 2010;75(1):35–41.
Barnes DE, Alexopoulos GS, Lopez OL, Williamson JD, Yaffe K. Depressive symptoms, vascular disease, and mild cognitive impairment: findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. Mar 2006;63(3):273–279.
Rapp MA, Schnaider-Beeri M, Purohit DP, Perl DP, Haroutunian V, Sano M. Increased neurofibrillary tangles in patients with Alzheimer disease with comorbid depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. Feb 2008;16(2):168–174.
Tsopelas C, Stewart R, Savva GM, et al. Neuropathological correlates of late-life depression in older people. Br J Psychiatry. Feb 2011;198(2):109–114.
Buchman A, Boyle P, Wilson R, et al. Loneliness and the rate of motor decline in old age: the rush memory and aging project, a community-based cohort study. BMC Geriatrics. 2010;10(1):77.
Avila-Funes JA, Amieva H, Barberger-Gateau P, et al. Cognitive impairment improves the predictive validity of the phenotype of frailty for adverse health outcomes: the three-city study. J Am Geriatr Soc. Mar 2009;57(3):453–461.
Rebok GW, Carlson MC, Langbaum JB. Training and maintaining memory abilities in healthy older adults: traditional and novel approaches. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. Jun 2007;62 Spec No 1:53–61.
Cesari M, Vellas B, Gambassi G. The stress of aging. Experimental Gerontology. 4// 2013;48(4):451–456.
Subra J, Gillette-Guyonnet S, Cesari M, Oustric S, Vellas B. The integration of frailty into clinical practice: preliminary results from the Gerontopole. J Nutr Health Aging. Aug 2012;16(8):714–720.
Yu L, Buchman AS, Boyle PA, et al. Simultaneous changes in cognition and physical frailty and association of neuropathology. Paper presented at: Alzheimer’s Association International Conference 2013; Boston, MA, USA.
Boyle PA, Wilson RS, Yu L, et al. Much of late life cognitive decline is not due to common neurodegenerative pathologies. Annals of Neurology. 2013:n/a-n/a.
Wilson RS, Segawa E, Buchman AS, Boyle PA, Hizel LP, Bennett DA. Terminal Decline in Motor Function. Psych & Aging. 2012.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Buchman, A.S., Bennett, D.A. Cognitive frailty. J Nutr Health Aging 17, 738–739 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0397-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-013-0397-9